Port

Question 1

When was the Duoro first demarcated?

Answer 1

1756

Question 2

What is beneficio authorization?

Answer 2

Authorization from IVDP that stipulates maximum amount of wine that a grower may fortify each year

Based on 12 different factors

Question 3

What are the preferred red grapes for Porto?

Answer 3

Touriga Nacional

Touriga Francesa

Tinta Roriz

Tinta Cão

Tinta Barroca

Tinta Amarela

Tinta Francisca

Bastardo

Mourisco Tinto

Question 4

What are the preferred white grapes for Porto?

Answer 4

Gouveio

Malvasia Fina

Viosinho

Rabigato

Esgana Cão

Folgasão

Question 5

What are Vinhos ao Alta?

Answer 5

A planting system in Duoro where vines are planted in vertical rows leading directly up the slopes

Question 6

What are patamares?

Answer 6

Wide terraces in Duoro

Question 7

Are grapes hand-harvested in Duoro?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

What is a lagares?

Answer 8

A traditional low and open granite trough in which grapes were foot-crushed and fermented in Duoro

Question 9

What is beneficio in Duoro?

Answer 9

Fortification

Question 10

What is aguardente?

Answer 10

Literally means burning water

77% abv neutral grape spirit used in beneficio

Question 11

What is a pipe in Portugal?

Answer 11

A traditional barrel used to both age and ship Port wine

Comes in different sizes depending on location

550 liters in Duoro

Shipping pipes are 534.24 liters

Question 12

Describe Ruby Port

Answer 12

Include Vintage Ports

Bottle-aged

Usually darker in color along with youthful fruit and spice tones

Question 13

Describe Tawny Port

Answer 13

Cask-aged

More mature and complex toffee, dried fruit. and toasted nut flavors

Lighter amber colors

Question 14

What is Ruby Port?

Answer 14

Non-vintage

often bulk-aged for 2-3 years

Question 15

What is Ruby Reserve Port?

Answer 15

AKA Premium Ruby

More complex than basic Ruby Port

2nd best category

Question 16

What is Vintage Port?

Answer 16

Most expensive style of Port

1-3% of production

Must be authorized by IVDP

Bottled by July 30 on the third year after harvest

Question 17

What is Single Quinta Vintage Port?

Answer 17

Same as Vintage Port but comes from a single quinta

Question 18

What is Late-Bottled Vintage Port?

Answer 18

4-6 years in cask prior to bottling

Filtered before bottling

Does not improve with bottle age

Question 19

What is Envelhecido em Garrafa?

Answer 19

A superior style of Late-Bottled Vintage Port

Often unfitered

Requires an additional 3 years of bottle aging

Question 20

What is Tawny Port?

Answer 20

No extensive cask aging

Addition of white port

Lowest quality

Question 21

What is Reserve Tawny?

Answer 21

At least 7 years of cask-aging prior to bottling

Blended from several vintages

Do not improve with age

Question 22

What is Tawny with Indication of Age?

Answer 22

May be labelled as either 10, 20. 30. or 40 years old

Rancio style at 40 years old

Matured in seasoned wood

Racked once annually

Age indication is an approximation of what a Tawny Port should taste like at that age

Question 23

What is Colheita Tawny?

Answer 23

Vintage-dated

Minimum 7 years cask-aging

Many stay in cask for decades

Question 24

Lamego significance

Answer 24

The mountain town in the Duoro Valley where Englishmen discovered Port in the 1600s

Question 25

IVDP

Answer 25

Duoro Port Wine Institute

Government-run regulatory body that manages the Duoro

Question 26

Port garrafeira aging requirements

Answer 26

Several years of aging followed by at least 8 years in demijohns

Question 27

Porto DOP main soil type

Answer 27

Schist

Question 28

Licoroso

Answer 28

Fortified in Portuguese

Question 29

What is the difference between Duoro DOP and Porto DOP?

Answer 29

Only Port is released as Porto DOP

Duoro DOP is still table wines and licoroso Moscatel do Duoro