Porfiera

Question 1

Sponge bodies do not have organs, instead they have masses of cells supported by

Answer 1

spicules and spongin

Question 2

Porifera have an extensive fossil record that extends back to the ________ era.

Answer 2

Cambrian

Question 3

Of the 5,000 species of sponges, only ________ live in freshwater; the rest are marine.

Answer 3

150

Question 4

The pores in the surface of a sponge that pass incoming water to the body are called __________ and the opening by which water passes out of the sponge is called the __________.

Answer 4

Ostia and osculum

Question 5

The flagellated cells that line the canals of the sponge are called

Answer 5

choanocytes

Question 6

The interior cavity of an asconoid sponge is called the

Answer 6

spongocoel

Question 7

In a syconoid type of sponge, the choanocytes are located in the

Answer 7

radial canals

Question 8

Of the three types of body or canal designs in sponges, which is the most complex, as it is composed of multiple flagellated chambers?

Answer 8

leuconoid

Question 9

Of the following cell types found in sponges, which one covers the external surface?

Answer 9

pinacocytes

Question 10

Of the following cell types found in sponges, which one is arranged in bands around the oscula?

Answer 10

myocytes

Question 11

Of the following cell types found in sponges, which are tubular and pierce the body wall?

Answer 11

porocytes

Question 12

Of the following cell types found in sponges, which ones move around in the mesohyl?

Answer 12

archaeocytes

Question 13

Which of the following cell types is responsible for making spicules?

Answer 13

sclerocytes

Question 14

Sponges are typically classified into _________ different classes.

Answer 14

3 or 4

Question 15

The larval form that is characteristic of the Demospongiae is the

Answer 15

parenchymula

Question 16

In a leuconoid sponge, the choanocytes are found in the

Answer 16

flagellated chambers

Question 17

All mesozoans are small marine parasites living in invertebrates.

Answer 17

true

Question 18

In sponges, food is digested in the spongocoel.

Answer 18

false

Question 19

Sclerocytes secrete fibrillar spongin fibers.

Answer 19

false

Question 20

When sponges reproduce asexually by internal buds, these are called gemmules

Answer 20

true

Question 21

Sponge bodies are organized at the tissue level of structure.

Answer 21

false

Question 22

The nervous system of the poriferans is a nerve net.

Answer 22

false

Question 23

Sponges live attached to a substrate; this lifestyle is called sessile.

Answer 23

true

Question 24

Around the osculum of a sponge are cells that aid in regulating the water flow; these cells are called myocytes.

Answer 24

true

Question 25

The cells in the body wall of a sponge that pass water into the interior are called choanocytes.

Answer 25

false

Question 26

The opening by which water passes out of a sponge body is called the dermal ostia.

Answer 26

false

Question 27

The body design of a sponge that has many multiple flagellated chambers within the body wall is called leuconoid.

Answer 27

true

Question 28

The channels that pass water from the outside of the sponge into the flagellated chambers are called the excurrent canals.

Answer 28

false

Question 29

In addition to budding, sponges can reproduce asexually by a stage that is able to resist unfavorable conditions. This stage is called a gemmule.

Answer 29

true

Question 30

In sponges, excretion and respiration is accomplished by diffusion, although contractile vacuoles occur in freshwater sponges.

Answer 30

true

Question 31

Sclerocytes secrete spicules, spongocytes secrete spongin, and collencytes secrete collagen.

Answer 31

true

Question 32

Most sponges are oviparous, with fertilized eggs exiting the body of the sponge through the osculum.

Answer 32

false

Question 33

The collar of the collar cell is composed of microvilli.

Answer 33

true