Populations/sustainability

Question 1

What is the definition of conservation

Answer 1

Active management and sustainable use of organisms

Question 2

What is the definition of coppicing?

Answer 2

Cutting back trees or shrubs to ground level periodically to stimulate growth

Question 3

What is the definition of grazing?

Answer 3

Method of feeding in which herbivores eat plants. This can cause stress on plant populations which is termed grazing pressure.

Question 4

What is the definition of preservation?

Answer 4

Protecting organisms or the environment from damage/destruction. Keeping species how they were prior to human interference

Question 5

What is the definition of sustainability?

Answer 5

The use of components of biological diversity at a rate that doesn’t lead to the long-term decline of biological diversity, this maintains its potential to meet the needs of present/future generations

Question 6

What are the 2 types of competition?

Answer 6

Interspecific

Intraspecific

Question 7

What is interspecific competition?

Answer 7

Between individuals of different species
Eg grey and red squirrels
Different birds

Question 8

What is intraspecific competition?

Answer 8

Between individuals of the same species
Eg vultures competing over 1 carcass
Wildebeest hunted by lions and crocadiles

Question 9

How many organisms can supply a niche at one time?

Answer 9

Only one at a time

Question 10

Why is there nearly always more prey than predators?

Answer 10

Energy is lost at each trophic level so there is less energy for predators than there is for prey

Question 11

Why do predators populations size increase after prey population increases?

Answer 11

Don’t reproduce immediately, takes time to reproduce

Question 12

What are the 4 phases of the population growth curve?

Answer 12

Lag phase
Log phase
Stationary phase
Death phase

Question 13

What happens in lag phase?

Answer 13

Delay in growth of the population before the group is established as individuals acclimatise to the new conditions

Question 14

What happens in log phase?

Answer 14

The population reproduces rapidly while resources are available and conditions are favourable

Question 15

What happens in stationary phase?

Answer 15

When the population reaches its maximum, resources become limited so growth stops and numbers stay the same. Can fluctuate around carrying capacity. Reproduction rate = mortality rate, habitat can’t support a larger population

Question 16

What happens in death phase?

Answer 16

Sometimes members of the population begin to die if toxic waste products build up (not always present)

Question 17

What is carrying capacity denoted as?

Answer 17

K

Question 18

What is carrying capacity?

Answer 18

The maximum population size that can be maintained over a period of time in a particular habitat

Question 19

What are limiting factors?

Answer 19

Factors that prevent the populations becoming huge

Question 20

What are some examples of biotic limiting factors?

Answer 20

Food eg grass for herbivores
Shelter eg a tree
Nesting sites eg nests in trees
Parasites eg fleas, nits
Predators
Competition for resources

Question 21

What are some examples of abiotic limiting factors?

Answer 21

Light
Conc of carbon dioxide
Oxygen
Water
Food eg dead animals
pH
Temperature
Nesting sites eg rabbits warren
Shelter eg building

Question 22

What are some examples of abiotic limiting factors?

Answer 22

Light
Conc of carbon dioxide
Oxygen
Water
Food eg dead animals
pH
Temperature
Nesting sites eg rabbits warren
Shelter eg building

Question 23

What does density dependent mean?

Answer 23

As competition increases so does population size

Question 24

What is an example of density independent limiting factor?

Answer 24

Temperature

Question 25

What is an example of density dependent limiting factor?

Answer 25

Competition for resources