Populations in transition

Question 1

Migration

Answer 1

The movement of people, involving a change of residence. It can be internal or external (international) and voluntary or forced. It does not include temporary circulations such as commuting or tourism.

Question 2

Forced migration

Answer 2

When people have to migrate, normally because their life is in danger e.g. war or natural disaster.

Question 3

Return migration

Answer 3

When people return home after a period of living in a different location.

Question 4

Seasonal migration

Answer 4

When people migrate for a particularly season. This is usually for work and may be for a harvest season or a ski season.

Question 5

Economic migration

Answer 5

When people move because of their work, usually to find a better paid job or a promotion.

Question 6

Diaspora

Answer 6

Members of a country’s citizens living in a different country e.g. Irish and Italian immigrants living in the US. Diaspora may hold onto their traditional identity e.g. food, language, clothes.

Question 7

Guest worker

Answer 7

Someone who is invited to work in a foreign country. Guest workers are given contracts and visas for a limited period, often only one or two years.

Question 8

The migration balance

Answer 8

The difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants

Question 9

Population momentum

Answer 9

the continued growth of a population after the fertility rate is equal to or below the replacement rate. This happens if there is a large concentration of people in the reproductive age range.

Question 10

Dependency ratio

Answer 10

The ratio of the dependent population (people below the age of 15 and above the age of 64) to the economically active population.