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AP Human Geography > Population Vocabulary - Unit 2 > Flashcards

Population Vocabulary - Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Age distribution

A

The frequency of different ages or age groups in a given population.

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2
Q

Carrying capacity

A

The “carrying capacity” of an area refers to the maximum number of people who can be realistically sustained by the geography of that area.

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3
Q

Cohort

A

A population group that’s distinguished by a certain characteristic.

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4
Q

Demographic equation

A

The formula that calculates population change.

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5
Q

Demographic momentum

A

This is the tendency for the growing population to continue growing after a fertility decline because of their young age distribution.

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6
Q

Demographic Transition model

A

A tool demographers use to categorize countries’ population growth rates and economic structures.

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7
Q

Dependency ratio

A

Reflects the number of people in a country whose labor supports the rest of the country that is incapable of working.

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8
Q

Doubling time

A

It is the projected amount of time that it will take for a given population to double.

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9
Q

Ecumene

A

This is used to describe land that is permanently populated by human society.

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10
Q

Epidemiological Transition model

A

Distinctive cases of death in each stage of the demographic transitional model.

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11
Q

Gendered space

A

Areas in which particular genders of people, and particular types of gender expression, are considered welcome or appropriate, and other types are unwelcome or inappropriate.

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12
Q

Infant mortality rate

A

The total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year old for every 1,000 live births in a society.

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13
Q

J-curve (related to DTM)

A

This is when the projection population shows exponential growth; sometimes shaped as a j-curve.

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14
Q

Maladaptation

A

This is an adaptation that has become less helpful than harmful.

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15
Q

Thomas Malthus

A

British economist Thomas Malthus coined the term overpopulation in the late 1700s.

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16
Q

Mortality

A

The number of deaths per thousand people.

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17
Q

Neo-Malthusian

A

Neo-Malthusians today believe that humanity is ripe for another population calamity.

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18
Q

Overpopulation

A

Overpopulation, as a defined term, generally occurs when a region has exceeded its “carrying capacity.” The “carrying capacity” of a region refers to the number of people a region can reasonably support and sustain.

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19
Q

Population explosion

A

The rapid growth of the world’s human population during the past century, attended by ever-shorter doubling times and accelerating rates of increase.

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20
Q

Population projection

A

The estimated population in a certain time in the future.

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21
Q

Population pyramid

A

A pyramid-like diagram that displays the population distributions between age and sex.

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22
Q

Rate of natural increase

A

The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.

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23
Q

S-curve (related to DTM)

A

Traces the cyclical movement upwards and downwards in a graph.

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24
Q

Sex ratio

A

The number of males per hundred females in the population is the sex ratio.

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25
Standard of living
Refers to the quality and quantity of goods and services available to people and the way they are distributed.
26
Sustainability
The use of Earth's resources in ways that ensure their availability in the future.
27
Underpopulation
The opposite of overpopulation and refers to a sharp drop or decrease in a region's population.
28
Zero population growth
When the Crude Birth Rate equals the Crude Death Rate and the natural increase rate approaches zero.
29
Activity space
The space within which daily activity occurs.
30
Chain migration
The social process by which immigrants from a particular town follow one another to a different city.
31
Cyclic movement
Movement that has a closed route repeated annually or seasonally.
32
Forced Migration
Human migration flows in which the movers have no choice but to relocate.
33
Gravity model
The Gravity Model holds that the interaction between two places can be determined by the product of the population of both places, divided by the square of their distance from one another.
34
Internal migration
Human movement within a nation-state, such as ongoing westward and southward movements in the US.
35
Intervening opportunity
An environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that helps migration.
36
Intercontinental Migration Patterns
Migration flow involving movements across international borders. Permanent movement from one country to another on the same continent.
37
Interregional Migration Patterns
Permanent movement from one region of a country to another
38
Rural to Urban Migration Patterns
The process of migration from an agricultural area to a city generally driven by poverty and job opportunity, e.g. the last train home.
39
Migratory movement
Motion that consists of one person relocating from one place to another.
40
Periodic movement
Movement - for example, college attendance or military service - that involves temporary, recurrent relocation.
41
The frequency of different ages or age groups in a given population.
Age distribution
42
The “carrying capacity” of an area refers to the maximum number of people who can be realistically sustained by the geography of that area.
Carrying capacity
43
A population group that's distinguished by a certain characteristic.
Cohort
44
The formula that calculates population change.
Demographic equation
45
This is the tendency for the growing population to continue growing after a fertility decline because of their young age distribution.
Demographic momentum
46
A tool demographers use to categorize countries' population growth rates and economic structures.
Demographic Transition model
47
Reflects the number of people in a country whose labor supports the rest of the country that is incapable of working.
Dependency ratio
48
It is the projected amount of time that it will take for a given population to double.
Doubling time
49
This is used to describe land that is permanently populated by human society.
Ecumene
50
Distinctive cases of death in each stage of the demographic transitional model.
Epidemiological Transition model
51
Areas in which particular genders of people, and particular types of gender expression, are considered welcome or appropriate, and other types are unwelcome or inappropriate.
Gendered space
52
The total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year old for every 1,000 live births in a society.
Infant mortality rate
53
This is when the projection population shows exponential growth; sometimes shaped as a j-curve.
J-curve (related to DTM)
54
This is an adaptation that has become less helpful than harmful.
Maladaptation
55
British economist Thomas Malthus coined the term overpopulation in the late 1700s.
Thomas Malthus
56
The number of deaths per thousand people.
Mortality
57
Neo-Malthusians today believe that humanity is ripe for another population calamity.
Neo-Malthusian
58
Overpopulation, as a defined term, generally occurs when a region has exceeded its “carrying capacity.” The “carrying capacity” of a region refers to the number of people a region can reasonably support and sustain.
Overpopulation
59
The rapid growth of the world's human population during the past century, attended by ever-shorter doubling times and accelerating rates of increase.
Population explosion
60
The estimated population in a certain time in the future.
Population projection
61
A pyramid-like diagram that displays the population distributions between age and sex.
Population pyramid
62
The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.
Rate of natural increase
63
Traces the cyclical movement upwards and downwards in a graph.
S-curve (related to DTM)
64
The number of males per hundred females in the population is the sex ratio.
Sex ratio
65
Refers to the quality and quantity of goods and services available to people and the way they are distributed.
Standard of living
66
The use of Earth's resources in ways that ensure their availability in the future.
Sustainability
67
The opposite of overpopulation and refers to a sharp drop or decrease in a region's population.
Underpopulation
68
When the Crude Birth Rate equals the Crude Death Rate and the natural increase rate approaches zero.
Zero population growth
69
The space within which daily activity occurs.
Activity space
70
The social process by which immigrants from a particular town follow one another to a different city.
Chain migration
71
Movement that has a closed route repeated annually or seasonally.
Cyclic movement
72
Human migration flows in which the movers have no choice but to relocate.
Forced Migration
73
The Gravity Model holds that the interaction between two places can be determined by the product of the population of both places, divided by the square of their distance from one another.
Gravity model
74
Human movement within a nation-state, such as ongoing westward and southward movements in the US.
Internal migration
75
An environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that helps migration.
Intervening opportunity
76
Migration flow involving movements across international borders. Permanent movement from one country to another on the same continent.
Intercontinental Migration Patterns
77
Permanent movement from one region of a country to another
Interregional Migration Patterns
78
The process of migration from an agricultural area to a city generally driven by poverty and job opportunity, e.g. the last train home.
Rural to Urban Migration Patterns
79
Motion that consists of one person relocating from one place to another.
Migratory movement
80
Movement - for example, college attendance or military service - that involves temporary, recurrent relocation.
Periodic movement

AP Human Geography (4 decks)

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