Population policies and implementation post 1949 Flashcards
China area
9.5 million km^2 (4th in the world)
China’s population
1.3 billion (1st)
China’s population quote
a view shared by a Chinese demographer ‘Any couple having more than one child is an enemy of China; any couple having more than two children is an enemy of the world’
China’s GDP
3rd in the world
China’s economic growth rate
6th in the world
When was the Republic of China established?
1911
Collectivisation
Started in 1953
The Great Leap Forward
1958-61
The Cultural Revolution
1966
Open door policy
- 1978
- Deng Xia Ping begins the Open Door policy which aims to develop China as rapidly as possible with “economic growth at all costs”.
How many ethnic groups in China?
- 56 ethnic groups (but 92% of the population belongs to the Han Chinese)
- The minority groups live mainly in the border regions where it is easier for them to maintain their own customs and traditions
Population in rural areas
Nearly 60% of the Chinese population lives in rural areas. There is a divide between rural and urban populations, reinforced during the Mao years.
Mao years
Why is it difficult to migrate?
The household registration system (hukou) ensured that people could only live where they were registered, making it difficult to migrate between urban and rural areas, and effectively kept the two populations apart.
Why are many rural areas underdeveloped?
- Progress and development in urban areas was not matched in rural areas.
- So many rural areas are extremely backward, traditional, have very poor services and amenities, and are a world apart from the modern regional and provincial cities.