Population Movement Flashcards
How is population growth rate calculated?
Natural increase + net migration
To what extent is population movement occurring?
- Globally, there were almost 232 million international migrants in 2013
- between 1990 and 2013, the number at international migrants worldwide rose by 50%
- in 2013, 3.2% of total population lived in countries other than that of their birth
What is international migration?
According to UNESCO an international migrant is:
‘Any person who lives temporarily or permanently in a country where they were not born, and had acquired some significant social ties to this country’.
Which country has the highest migrant population? What is it?
USA - 45.8 million
What are the two classifications of factors that lead to migration?
Push factors (factors that push a person to leave their current home)
Pull factors (factors that draw a person to a destination)
Name three push and three pull factors that lead to migration.
PUSH FACTORS
- unemployment
- poverty
- drought or floods
PULL FACTORS
- potential for unemployment
- higher standard of living
- fertile land
- family and friends
What are the factors that influence population movement?
SOCIAL
- family
HISTORICAL
- religion
ENVIRONMENTAL
- climate, land formation, vegetation, water, soil
- natural disasters
ECONOMIC
- income generation, employment
POLITICAL
- laws, policies and regulations
What is irregular migration?
A migrant without documented approval to remain in a country.
Also known as ‘illegal migrants’.
What are the benefits and disadvantages of migration to the host country?
BENEFITS
- boosts supply of low cost labour
- economic growth
DISADVANTAGES
- language difficulties
- limited skill or education traps them in unskilled jobs with no prospects to develop their career.
- locals may loose jobs to incoming workers
What are the benefits and disadvantages of migration to the donor country?
BENEFITS
- important source of funds
(Remittance flow to developing countries totalled $436 billion in 2014)
- reduce poverty
DISADVANTAGES
- families are separated
- loss of young and able working people
What are refugees?
What are the reasons for refugees?
What are the general responses to refugees?
Forcibly displaced people.
- act to flee persecution
- war
- natural disaster
- human induced climate change
- refugee warehousing
- return to the country of origin once the situation is safer
- resettlement into the country of which they have fled, or to a third country