Population Growth and Structure Flashcards
At what rate is the world’s population increasing? What does this mean?
The world’s population is increasing at an exponential rate. This means that growth is becoming more and more rapid.
What 2 things affect the population size of the world? Define them.
Birth Rate - the number of live babies born per thousand of the population per year.
Death Rate - the number of deaths per thousand of the population per year.
What is natural increase?
When the birth rate is higher than the death rate. More people are being born than dying so the population grows.
What would it be called if the death rate is higher than the birth rate?
Natural decrease.
What can also affect the population size of a country?
Migration - the movement of people from one area to another area
What does DTM stand for? What does it show?
Demographic Transition Model. It’s made up of 5 stages and it shows the different phases of a countries population growth.
look like dis:
Describe the birth rate, death rate, population growth rate and population size of Stage 1.
- BR - high and fluctuating
- DR - high and fluctuating
- PGR - zero
- PS - low and steady
Describe the birth rate, death rate, population growth rate and population size of Stage 2.
- BR - high and steady
- DR - rapidly falling
- PGR - very high
- PS - rapidly increasing
Describe the birth rate, death rate, population growth rate and population size of Stage 3.
- BR - rapidly falling
- DR - slowly falling
- PGR - high
- PS - increasing
Describe the birth rate, death rate, population growth rate and population size of Stage 4.
- BR - low and fluctuating
- DR - low and fluctuating
- PGR - zero
- PS - high and steady
Describe the birth rate, death rate, population growth rate and population size of Stage 5.
- BR - slowly falling
- DR - low and fluctuating
- PGR - negative
- PS - slowly falling
Can you name examples of a country in each stage?
- Stage 1 - a few rural tribes eg in the amazon
- Stage 2 - India
- Stage 3 - Brazil
- Stage 4 - Uk
- Stage 5 - Germany
Poorer, less developed countries are in the earlier stages whereas richer, more developed countries are in the later stages.
What does Stage 1’s population pyramid resemble? List 4 reasons why it looks like this.
It looks a bit like a spearhead (squashed triangle)
- High BR because no contraception
- High BR because high infant mortality so people have more children a couple could survive
- High DR because poor healthcare
- Zero population growth
- Low life expectancy so the population is mainly young people
What does Stage 2’s population pyramid resemble? List 4 reasons why it looks like this.
It looks a bit like a triangle
- High BR because no contraception
- High BR because economy is agriculture based; people have many children to work on farms
- Falling DR because improving healthcare
- Very high population growth
- Increased life expectancy but the population is still mainly young people
What does Stage 3’s population pyramid resemble? List 4 reasons why it looks like this.
It looks a bit like a bullet
- Rapidly falling BR because emancipation of women and better education
- Rapidly falling BR because contraception increases
- Rapidly falling BR because jobs have become industrialised
- Falling DR because improving healthcare
- High population growth
- Increased life expectancy so more people are living to be older
