Population Growth and Development Flashcards
What is population
Population refers to the total number of people living in a given area, village, town, city or a country at a particular time.
Define population growth
This is the increase or decrease of a country’s population in a given period of time.
What is population growth rate
This is the percentage increase or decrease of a country’s population in a given period of time.
Define birth rate
This is the number of live births per thousand of the population in a year.
Define fertility rate
This refers to the average number of children every woman is willing and prepared to give birth to.
Define mortality rate
This is the number of deaths per 1000 of the population in a year.
What is meant by underpopulation
This is a situation in which a country’s population is too small to be able to make effective utilization of the country’s available resources.
What is demography?
This is the study of human population
Define dependency ratio
This is the proportion of the unproductive group of the population and the productive group. It is the number of the people within the unproductive group who must be supported by the people within the productive group.
Define overpopulation
This is a situation in which a countries population exceeds the available resources of the country.
What is optimum population
This is a situation in which a country’s population remains at par with the available resources and that the resources can be effectively utilized.
Mention two factors that contribute to population growth
High birth rate
Low death rates
Relaxed immigration laws
lack of family planning.
Cultural factors.
Social Security factor.
Early marriages.
mention 3 negative effects of rapid population growth in Ghana.
Pressure on agricultural land
overexploitation of forest resources
poor sanitation and waste management.
Rapid destruction of wildlife and plant species.
Increased industrial activity and pollution
Heavy pressure on social amenities
overcrowding and congestion.
high rate of unemployment.
food shortages.
increase in crime wave
Give three measures to control population growth
Public education
family planning
enforcement of immigration laws
encouraging female education. sex education
Provision of employment.
What is population census?
This is the official counting of all the people living in a country at a particular period of time.
Give three importance of population census
To assess the growth of the population.
to have accurate statistics of the number of people living in the country.
To obtain accurate demographic characteristics of the people living in the country.
to obtain data for planning purposes
to assist in the delimitation of constituencies and districts.
For purposes of taxation.
Mention 3 problems of population census
Improper planning of settlement
Illiteracy and ignorance
Lack of accessibility
Inexperienced enumerators
Inadequate funds
Traditional beliefs
What is rural urban migration?
The movement of people especially the youth, who are mostly school leavers from the rural areas to the urban centres with the sole aim of settling and looking for jobs
Mention 2 causes of rural urban migration
Lack of employment
Lack of social amenities
The pursuit of education
Freedom from traditional control
Attainment of status
Mention 2 negative effects of rural urban migration on rural areas
Loss of labour force
Slow pace of industrialization
Reduction on agricultural production
Slow pace of rural development
Mention 3 negative effects of rural urban migration on urban areas
High rate of unemployment
Problems of accomodation
Pressure on social amenities
High cost of living
Increase in social vices
What is family planning?
The decision by couples to space the birth of their children and have the number of children that they can cater for with the available resources
Give the three methods of family planning
Natural method
Artificial method
Sterilisation
Give the types of natural method under family planning
Withdrawal method
Rhythm method
Mention 3 importance of family planning
Good health of mother and child
Reduction of pressure
Reduction in population growth
Less pressure on the government
Provision of adequate infrastructure
Provison on employment
Reduction in social vices
