population ecology

Question 1

refers to the number of individuals in an area/region from the same species

Answer 1

Population

Question 2

varies in size and character

Answer 2

population

Question 3

study how and why population size
changes over time

Answer 3

Population Dynamics

Question 4

all populations undergo 3 phases in life cycle:

Answer 4

o growth o stability o decline

Question 5

number of individuals in a population

Answer 5

Population Size

Question 6

population of organisms are able to change over time through 3 factors:

Answer 6

birth, death, migration

Question 6

number of individuals per unit of area at a given time

Answer 6

Population Density

Question 7

measuring density of a populations is a difficult task. how can u do it?

Answer 7

we can count individuals

we can estimate population numbers

Question 8

a prominent way in estimating the density of a population

used to estimate the size of a population where its is impractical to count every individual

Answer 8

Capture, Mark, and Recapture Method
(CMR)

Question 9

the pattern of spacing among individuals within the geographic boundaries

Answer 9

Population Dispersion

Question 10

Population Dispersion patterns

Answer 10

clumping

uniform distribution

random dispersion

Question 11

individuals in a population are clustered together, creating some patches with many
individuals and some patches with no individuals

Answer 11

Clumped Dispersion

Question 12

occur when resources are concentrated in small areas within a larger habitat or because of individuals forming social groups

Answer 12

Clumped Dispersion

Question 13

individuals of a population are spaced more or less evenly

▪ a result of interactions between individuals like ___

Answer 13

uniform dispersion; competition and territoriality

Question 14

individuals are distributed randomly, without a predictable pattern

created in the absence of ______ between organisms for resources

Answer 14

Random Dispersion; competition

Question 15

occurs often where individuals must compete for a limiting resource

Answer 15

uniform dispersion

Question 16

phases of microorganism

Answer 16

lag phase, log phase, stationary phase, declining phase

Question 16

explains how fast a given population grows

Answer 16

Population growth rate

Question 17

no active reproduction or creation of new cells; the microorganism is taking its time to adapt

Answer 17

lag phase

Question 18

the exponential phase; microorganism starts to double in number

Answer 18

Log phase

Question 19

nutrients available start to decrease and the death rate and growth rate of the microbial population equalizes

Answer 19

Stationary phase

Question 20

kinds of population growth in plants/animals

Answer 20

• exponential growth
• logistic growth

Question 20

death phase; nutrients are depleted and waste products accumulate

Answer 20

Declining phase

Question 21

the rate of population increase gets lower due to limiting resources

Answer 21

Logistic Growth

Question 22

* the population increases at a faster rate * increase in growth speed

Answer 22

Exponential Growth

Question 23

usually not linear; staggering

Answer 23

Population Growth and Speed

Question 24

how fast do populations grow usually slow at first because the number of reproducing organisms is small

Answer 24

“J”-shaped population growth pattern

Question 25

called exponential growth, as a population gets larger it grows faster

Answer 25

“J”-shaped population growth pattern

Question 26

what are r strategists

Answer 26

* lives in unstable and unpredictable environments * produce many offsprings * undergo rapid reproduction to stabilize themselves * e.g., dogs, cats, insects, and fish

Question 27

ability of the habitat or environment to support the population of an organism

Answer 27

carrying capacity

Question 27

what are k strategists

Answer 27

lives in more stable environment o produce few offsprings o occasional breeding o longer gestation periods and give birth to one or two offspring at a time o offspring take time to grow and do so under the constant care and supervision of their parents e.g., humans, lions, and whales

Question 28

Population growth usually stops due to:

Answer 28

lack of resources and buildup of waste products

Question 29

biotic or abiotic factors that regulate size of a population

Answer 29

Limiting factors

Question 30

what are Density dependent factors

Answer 30

predator - prey relationship competition disease crowding and stress

Question 30

o increasing effect as population size increases o affect all populations regardless of their density

Answer 30

Density dependent factors

Question 31

2 kinds of competition

Answer 31

interspecific, intraspecific

Question 32

▪ has negative effects on growth and reproduction ▪ may increase mortality rate, decrease growth and decrease reproduction

Answer 32

Disease

Question 33

_____ causes ______ ▪ leads to a decrease in population size

Answer 33

crowding; stress

Question 34

what are Density independent factors

Answer 34

o severe storms and flooding o sudden unpredictable severe cols spells o earthquakes and volcanoes o catastrophic meteorite impacts

Question 35

increased population size due to advances in medicine, technology, and cleanliness

Answer 35

Industrial Revolution

Question 36

▪ the human population increased relatively slowly until about ____ and then began to grow exponentially

Answer 36

1650v

Question 36

a model that states that the population will eventually stop growing when the country transitions from high birth rates and high death rates to low birth rates and death rates, stabilizing the population

Answer 36

Demographic Transition

Question 37

n many industrialized nations, ______ are more a factor than ______ (life expectancy keeps increasing)

Answer 37

decreasing death rates; increasing birth rates

Question 38

population change is governed by ?

Answer 38

the balance between birth rates and death rates

Question 39

study of human population growth characteristics

Answer 39

Demography

Question 40

the average estimate of the earth

Answer 40

is 10 – 15 billion people

Question 41

one important demographic factor in present and future growth trends

Answer 41

Age Structure

Question 42

infant mortality and life expectancy at birth vary greatly ______

Answer 42

among developed and developing countries

Question 42

moving in a country

Answer 42

immigration

Question 43

moving out a country

Answer 43

emigration

Question 44

December 2020

Answer 44

109.6 million

Question 45

December 2019

Answer 45

108. 1 million

Question 46

December 1950

Answer 46

18.6 million

Question 47

current Philippine population

Answer 47

118 million

Question 48

study of how various factors impact population growth, rates of survival and reproduction, and risk of extinction

Answer 48

Population ecology