Population Control Flashcards
what is population control?
Population control refers to policies and strategies which are designed to limit or increase natural increase in a population.
what are anti-natalist policies?
Policies which governments endorse in order to increase or decrease the population growth rate.
examples of anti-natalist policies
Education about birth control
Establishment of family planning centres and clinics
Education of girls
Sterilisation of men and women after the birth of at least 2 children
Increasing legal age of marriage for women
Providing payments for not having children
Priorities in jobs, housing, education for small families
Community improvements for achievement of low birth rate
Higher taxes for each additional child
Higher maternity and educational costs for each additional child (user fees)
what are pro-natalist policies?
policies that encourage the growth of populations, usually by providing incentives.
These policies are designed to counteract the falling fertility rates
examples of pro-natalist policies
Cash incentives to mothers to remain at home after the birth of a third child (France)
Reduction in cost of train fares as well as income tax benefits
Generous parental leave and subsidized day-care
Preferential treatment with respect to council housing for families with three or more children
Establishment of a minimum age of marriage (leads to more children being born)
what is indirect population control?
Indirect population control aims to change the thinking of family size; to bring about a re-exclamation of the need for larger or smaller families.
effects of indirect population control
Indirect population control methods can cause population growth or decline.
Decline is often due to natural disasters, high taxation and transport costs
Growth is a result of enhanced provision of services not directly related to population (improvements in rights of women.
examples of indirect population control
Changing social policy
Education of women for greater opportunities in work outside of home
Promotion of secular education (separation of religion and education)
Promotion of communication between spouses
Lower infant and child mortality rates reduces the need for large families
