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Biology 310 > Population & Community Ecology > Flashcards

Population & Community Ecology Flashcards

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0
Q

Biotic Components

A

Living

Ex -animals, plants, protista, bacteria, fungi

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1
Q

All living organisms, non living things, and all the natural processes in a specific area

A

Ecosystems

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2
Q

Populations VS Communities

A

P: all members of a particular species in a particular area
-ex turtles & turtle friends

C: all members of all the different species in a particular area “all populations put together
Ex- snails fish rats

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3
Q

3 parts of the ecosystem

A
  1. Biotic Components
  2. Abiotic Components
  3. Natural Processes
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4
Q 
Biomes
Pond
Oak tree
Drop of pond water
Human body
A

Examples of Ecosystems

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5
Q

Define biomes

A

Large ecosystems w similar soil, rainfall, and temperate characteristics (rainforest, grassland, desert etc)

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6
Q

The subset of biology that studies how organisms interact with each other and the environment around them

A

Ecology

Basically the study of ecosystems and how their parts interact

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7
Q

Energy flow through ecosystems

A

Food webs

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8
Q

All energy in an ecosystem ultimately originates from the ___

A

Sun

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9
Q

Organisms that can make their own energy (plants, some bacteria, some Protista)

A

Producers

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10
Q

Eat producers to get energy (herbivores)

A

Primary consumers

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11
Q

Eat primary consumers to get energy (carnivores)

A

Secondary consumers

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12
Q

Eat secondary consumers to get energy (carnivores)

A

Tertiary

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13
Q

Feed on dead or decaying tissues at any trophic levels

A

Decomposers

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14
Q

Population dynamics

A

Studies how a population (one species) changes over time

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15
Q

3 possibilities of population dynamics

A
  1. Growing
  2. Stable
  3. Declining
16
Q

2 factors that cause population size to increase

A

Limiting factors

Environmental resistance

17
Q

Two types of population growth curves

A

EXPONENTIAL GROWTH
- S curve

LOGISTIC GROWTH
- J curve

18
Q

Exponential growth : S curve

A

No limiting factors so reach biotic potential

19
Q

Logistic Growth: J Curve

A

Limiting factors slow growth due to limiting factors

20
Q

Carrying Capacity

A

Maximum number of individuals that can be regularly sustained in an ecosystem

21
Q

Life history traits

A

Strategies individuals and species use to survive, grow and reproduce

22
Q

Niche

A

Organisms specific role in the ecosystem

23
Q

Two main life history strategies

A
  1. Have many babies but don’t give them much care; shorter life
  2. Have a few babies but take good care of them; longer life
24
Q

Specialist niche

A

Only lives in a few kinds if habitats or eats few foods.
Superior competitor
Doesn’t adapt well to change

25
Q

Generalist niche

A

Can eat variety of foods & live in various places
Poorer competitor
Adapts to change more easily

26
Q

Ecological theory predicts:

A

No two species can have complete niche overlap

27
Q

Community dynamics

A

How one species changes to another

28
Q

Fighting over resources WITHIN trophic level

A

Competition

29
Q

Competition between different species

  • causes one specie to go extinct or both species present but at lower numbers
A

Interspecific

30
Q

Competition within same species

- minimized by RITUAL DISPLAYS

A

Intraspecific

31
Q

When one organism consumes another organism (usually BETWEEN trophic levels)

A

Predator-Prey Interactions

32
Q

Symbiosis

A

Direct relationship between two species

33
Q

Commensalism

A

Where one species benefits without affecting another species

34
Q

Direct relationship between two species

A

Symbiosis

35
Q

Where both species benefit from their interaction

A

Mutualism

36
Q

Where one species gains and one species is harmed by the interaction

A

Parasitism

37
Q

Most common form of symbiosis in nature

A

Parasitism

Biology 310 (5 decks)

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