Population Change Global Population Increases Flashcards
The world’s population has grown exponentially.
What does this mean?
The rate of growth has become increasingly rapid. By 2000, there were 10 times more people as there had been in 1700.
We consider changes in the population in relation to the number of births (per 1000 people alive) and the number of deaths (per 1000 people alive).
If…
BR = 14 per 1,000
and
DR = 12 per 1,000
Will the country have a natural increase or a natural decrease in the population?
Natural increase
because
14 - 12 = 2
THE POPULATION WILL INCREASE
What about this one?
BR = 28
DR = 36
Natural increase or natural decrease?
28 - 36 = -8
NATURAL DECREASE (the population will go down)
What is the Demographic Transition Model?
A model which shows birth and death rate patterns for any given country over time and how this affects the total population. It is divided into 5 stages. Each stage can be linked to how economically developed a country is and what type of population structure (shown as a population pyramid) it is likely to have.
What are the population characteristics of a country in stage one?
High birth rate
High death rate
Both fluctuate because of disease, famine and war
Population fairly stable
What changes in stage 2? WHY?
Death rate decreases (because of better healthcare)
so…
Total population grows
In what stage do birth rates drop rapidly?
Hint: Death rates are also still dropping.
Stage 3
In stage 5, the total population will decrease.
Why is this?
Birth rates are lower than death rates because there is an ageing population and people have very few children.
What four factors will cause population growth to slow down?
1 - Agricultural change
(more machinary= less demand for labour so people have less children or more to cities for other work…see below).
2 - Urbanisation
People move to urban areas from rural areas. There is less space and less work for children… so they have fewer.
3 - Education
For more educated people, having children is an economic disadvantage. Equally, to afford education people will have fewer children to allow them all to go to school.
4 - Emancipation of Women
As women gain equal opportunities, they will become career driven and not want to take time off to have kids.
What do population pyramids show us?
The shape of a population pyramid can tell us a lot about an area’s population.
It gives us information about birth and death rates as well as life expectancy.
A population pyramid tells us how many dependants there are. There are two groups of dependants; young dependants (aged below 15) and elderly dependants (aged over 65).
Dependants rely upon the economically active for economic support.
How does the shape of a population pyramid change over time?
