Population Flashcards
Census
[ Define ]
It is the official enumeration (numbering) of population done periodically.
India’s first partial census was done in …………
[ Year ]
1872
India’s first complete census was done in …………
1881
1. Highest population state
2. Lowest population state
1. Uttar Pradesh
2. Sikkim
Almost half of India’s population is concentrated in…
[ Name the states ]
Uttar Pradesh, Maharastra, Bihar, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh
Population Density
The number of people living per unit area (sq.km.) in an area (state or country) is called population density of that area.
High Population Density States
[ Are characterised by ]
- Flat plains, fertile soils and abundant rainfall.
- Norther Plains - Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Kerala.
Moderate Population Density States
[ Are characterised by ]
- Hilly, rocky terrain, less fertile soil and moderate rainfall.
- Assam, Maharastra, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.
Low Population Density States
- Rugges terrain and unfavourable climate (Mountain or Deserts).
- Arunanchal Pradesh, Sikkim, Jammu and Kashmir.
Population Growth
[ Define ]
The change in the number of people of a country or state during a specific period of time is called growth of population.
Two ways to express Population Growth.
- Absolute Increase of Population
- Annual Growth Rate of Population
Absolute Increase of Population
[ Define and tell How to calculate ]
- It is the absolute number of people added each year or in each decade in the population.
- Obtained by subtracting previous year (2022) population by current year population (2024).
Annual Growth Rate of Population
- It is the rate at which the number of population increase in an year is compared to the population of the previous year.
- It is expressed in terms of percent per annum.
- 2% increase from 100 = 102ppl.
What are the three processes that influence the population of a country?
[ State the factors ]
- Birth Rate
- Death Rate
- Migration
Birth Rate
- The number of live births per thousand people in a year.
- In India, birth rate is always higher than death rate.
Death Rate
- The number of deaths per thousand people in a year.
- In India, there has been rapid decline in death rate = high population.
Migration
[ Define and State its types ]
- It is the movement of people across regions and territories.
- It is of two types - Internal Migration and International Migration.
Internal Migration
[ Define and State its effects ]
- The movement of people within the country.
- Doesn’t change the overall population number but it changes the population distribution of an area.
International Migration
[ Define and State its effects ]
- The movement of people from one country to another.
- Changes the population size and population distribution.
Pull and Push Factors of Migration
[ State ]
- Push Factors - Poverty, Unemployment.
- Pull Factors - Employment opportunities, better living conditions in urban places.
National Population Policy
Introduced in Year 2000. It aims at,
- Providing a policy framework for free and compulsory education for upto 14 y/o.
- Reducing infant mortality rate to below 30 per 1000 live births.
- Achieve universal immunisation of children.
- Promoting delayed marriage for girls.
- Making family welfare a people-centred programme.
