Population Flashcards

0
Q

Agricultural Revolution

A

the time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering

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1
Q

Agricultural Density

A

the ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture

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2
Q

Arithmetic Density

A

total # of people divided by the total land area

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3
Q

Census

A

a complete enumeration of a population

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4
Q

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

A

the total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people in a society

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5
Q

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

A

the number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people in a society

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6
Q

Demographic Transition

A

the process of change in a society’s population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population

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7
Q

Demography

A

the study of the characteristics of human populations such as size, growth, density, distribution, and vital statistics

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8
Q

Dependency Ratio

A

the percentage of a population unable to work (younger than 15 and Older than 64)

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9
Q

Doubling Time

A

the number of years needed to double a population assuming a constant rate of natural increase

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10
Q

Ecumene

A

the portion of earth’s surface occupied by permanent human settlement

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11
Q

Epidemiological Transition

A

distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transitions

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12
Q

Epidemiology

A

The branch in medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution and control of diseases that affect large numbers of people

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13
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

a series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods

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14
Q

Infant Mortality Rat (IMR)

A

the annual number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age, compared to the total number of live births

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15
Q

Life Expectancy

A

the average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is an average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live

16
Q

Medical Revolution

A

medical technology invented in Europe and North America that is diffused to the poorer countries of Latin America , Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poorer countries in and enabled more people to live longer and healthier lives

17
Q

Natural Increase Rate (NIR)

A

the percentage by which a population grows in a year. It is computed by subtracting CDR from CBR, after first converting the numbers from numbers per 1,000 to percentages ( numbers per 100 )

18
Q

Overpopulation

A

the number of people in an era exceeding the capacity of the environment yo support life at a decent standard of living

19
Q

Pandemic

A

Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affect a very high proportion of the population

20
Q

Physiological Density

A

the # of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture

21
Q

Population Pyramid

A

a graphical illustration of age distribution within a population. Along with gender difference in these age groups

22
Q

Sex Ratio

A

The number of males per 100 females in the population

23
Q

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

A

measure of the number of births in a society. The TFR is the average number of children a women will have throughout her childbearing years

24
Zero Population Growth (ZPG)
a condition of demographic balance in which the amount of people in a population neither decreases or increases
25
Population Cartogram
depicts the size of countries according to population rather than land area
26
Malthus' Theory
He argued that the worlds rate of population increase was far outrunning the development of food population
27
Neo-Malthusians
Adds two factors to Malthus' Theory, population growth in LDC's and outstripping in resources other than food