Population Flashcards
How does human population growth look like?
Hyperbolic rise till a little before 2050, then slowing down, close to levelling
Which type of country has most contributed to population growth?
LEDCs
(Less economically developed countries)
Define Optimum population
Population can maximise benefits from resources available
Describe and explain the population distribution in China
EAST CHINA
- better resources
- flatter land
- better agricultural conditions
WEST CHINA
- Rain shadow -> deserts and extreme
- less resources
- higher and more rugged/bumpy/mountainous land
Define Overpopulation
- The resources cannot sustain current population
- Decline in quality of life through:
Unemployment
Pollution
Damage of environment
What population problem does Japan have?
Old dependants
What is HIV and AIDS
HIV : Human Immunodeficiency Virus
- Sexually transferred
- sickness
- takes 8 years to break down immune system
- incurable but treatable
AIDS : Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
- After 8 years of HIV, the syndrome is called AIDS
- Serious and deadly phase
When was the Chinese 1 child policy?
1979-2015
Which 4 things/factors affect population numbers?
Predation
Competition
Food supply
Diseases
Which were the positives and negatives of the Chinese 1 child policy?
EMPTY
What would a healthy population look like?
- Large amount of economically active people
- Balance in dependants
Slightly convex
What does the LEDC pop pyramid usually look like?
Low life expectancy
Concave pyramid
High death rate
High infant mortality
High birth rate
Many young dependants
What does a MEDC pop. pyramid usually look like?
High female life expectancy
Old dependants
Baby boom
Convex
How do you find the rate of natural increase RNI
birth rate - death rate
negative = decline
positive = growth
Define birth rate
Number of birth per 1000 people per year
Define death rate
Number of death per 1000 people per year
Define natural increase
Growth in population from excess in births over deaths
Define natural decrease
Decline in population resulting from lower birth rate that death rate
What are the features of overpopulation?
- lack of employment
- high crime rate
- poverty
- not enough health care and education
- water and air pollution
- shortage of food and water
- Lack of housing
Describe features of underpopulation
- low level of production
-Resources underused - small market for goods and services
- shortage of workers
- High taxes
- Lack of government income
- low value of exports
Define underpopulation
Population cannot fully utilise resources available
Quality of live can only SLOWLY be improved
Increase in population brings increase in quality of life
What are the impacts of rural-urban migration on urban areas?
Positives
- increased economically active population in the community
- increase in cultural wealth
- more knowledge and skills in the city community
Negatives
- pressure on places to live
- tensions between older and newer residents
- pressure on services such as education and healthcare provision
- social and environmental problems associated with slum growth
What are the impacts of rural-urban migration on rural areas?
Positives
- fewer people to feed
- more land per person
- more resources per person
- money may be sent home by migrants
Negatives
- population structure upset by loss of young people
- fewer economically-active men left in the rural community
- families are split up
- the elderly remain and the death rate in the community may increase
