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Evolution of Cells > population > Flashcards

population Flashcards

1
Q

why does age structure have a profound effect on population growth?

A

reproductive capacity varies with age

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2
Q

What is a clumped dispersion pattern

A

If you find an individual in one location, there is a higher probability of finding an individual in a neighbouring region

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3
Q

What is a regular dispersion pattern?

A

If you find an individual in one location, there is a lower probability of finding an individual in a neighbouring region

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4
Q

What is a random dispersion pattern?

A

Equal probability of finding an individual at any point within the region

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5
Q

Spatial variation in environmental conditions strongly influence

A

dispersion patterns

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6
Q

give an example of interactions which promote clumped dispersion patterns

A

social lives

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7
Q

give an example of interactions which promote regular dispersion patterns

A

food, space and mate competition

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8
Q

What are demographic eveents?

A

pop = births - deaths + immigration - emigration

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9
Q

What can be used to determine growth rates and keep track of demographic factors?

A

Life table

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10
Q

A cohort table follows _

A

Individuals of a species born in the same rime frame across entire llife span

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11
Q

Horizontal life tables follow _

A

species across lifespan

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12
Q

Vertical life tables look at _

A

a sample of a population at a single time

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13
Q

What does the fecundity schedule keep track of?

A

number of offspring produced by females within given timespan

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14
Q

age dependant tables look _

A

across discrete calendar time frames

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15
Q

stage dependant tables look _

A

at important stages in organisms life cycle

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16
Q

Describe type 1 survivorship curve

A

high parental care, high adult survivorship, lower fecundity

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17
Q

Describe type 2 survivorship curve

A

constant survivorship throughout lifespan

18
Q

Describe type 3 survivorship curve

A

low juvenile survivorship, low parental care, high fecundity

19
Q

What is an organisms life history strategy?

A

How it allocates resources to be put towards growth, maintenance and reproduction

20
Q

what is r

A

intrinsic growth rate

21
Q

which life history traits are influenced by environmental conditions the most?

A

age of first reproduction
number of broods per female
number of offspring per brood

22
Q

semelparous organisms

A

reproduce only once per lifespan

23
Q

iteroparous organisms

A

reproduce multiple times over lifespan

24
Q

what is the big bang in semelparous organisms?

A

Large number of offspring produced per brood (only one)

25
Q

What effect can select for early and frequent reproduction?

A

Predation

26
Q

the carrying capacity k represents

A

the maximum number of individuals that can be sustained by the resources within an environment

27
Q

what kind of growth does a carrying capacity cause?

A

logistic growth

28
Q

give 3 density dependant factors which limit pop growth

A

predation
food supply
pathogens

29
Q

give a density independent factor

A

extreme weather conditions

30
Q

unpredictable habitats are associated with

A

high fecundity and high r

31
Q

predictable habitats are associated with

A

low fecundity/r, high probability of reproductive success

32
Q

r-strategists employ strategies which

A

allow for high intrinsic growth rates

33
Q

k-strategists employ strategies which allow for

A

persistence near carrying capacities

34
Q

species that use abundant resources _

A

reach higher population densities

35
Q

species with smaller body sizes _

A

reach higher population densities

36
Q

species which have complex social organisations _

A

reach high population densities

37
Q

species newly introduced to a region can _

A

reach higher population densities

38
Q

organisms live in distinct habitat _

A

patches

39
Q

a _population may be divided in to _populations

A

metapopulations

sub populations

40
Q

What is the rescue effect?

A

when migration of individuals between subpopulations can inhibit extinction

41
Q

Connections between habitat patches are known as _

A

corridors

42
Q

what is biological control?

A

the use of predators/pathogens to control problematic species

Evolution of Cells (6 decks)

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