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Exam 3 MSK 2019 > Popliteal Fossa and Leg > Flashcards

Popliteal Fossa and Leg Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior Compartment Muscles General function

A

dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot

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2
Q

Anterior Compartment Muscles Innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve

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3
Q

Anterior Compartment Muscles Arterial Supply

A

Tibial Artery

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4
Q

Anterior Compartment Muscles List (4)

A
  1. Tibialis anterior
  2. Extensor digitorum longus
  3. Extensor hallucis longus
  4. Fibularis tertius
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5
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

a. Origin – superolateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane
b. Insertion – dorsal surface of medial foot (medial cuneiform and first metatarsal)
c. Function – dorsiflexion and inversion of foot
d. Innervation – deep fibular n. (L4,L5)

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6
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A

a. Origin – anteromedial surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
b. Insertion – dorsal surface of middle and distal phalanges of toes (forms extensor expansion of toes)
c. Function – dorsiflexion of foot; extension of 4 lateral toes
d. Innervation – deep fibular n. (L4,L5)

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7
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

A

a. Origin – anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
b. Insertion – dorsal surface of distal phalanx of great toe
c. Function – dorsiflexion of foot; extension of great toe
d. Innervation – deep fibular n. (L4,L5)

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8
Q

Fibularis tertius

A

a. Origin – anterior surface of distal fibula and interosseous membrane
b. Insertion – 5th metatarsal
c. Function – dorsiflexion and aids in eversion of foot
d. Innervation – deep fibular n. (L4,L5)

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9
Q

Lateral Compartment Muscles

- General function

A

Plantarflexion and eversion of the foot

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10
Q

Lateral Compartment Muscles

- General Innervation

A

Motor innervation is from the superficial fibular nerve

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11
Q

Lateral Compartment Muscles

- arterial supply

A

The fibular and anterior tibial aa

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12
Q

Lateral Compartment Muscles

-List (2)

A

Fibularis longus

Fibularis brevis

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13
Q

Fibularis longus

A

a. Origin – superolateral surface of fibula
b. Insertion – ventral surface of medial foot (medial cuneiform and first metatarsal)
c. Function – plantarflexion and eversion of foot
d. Innervation – superficial fibular n. (L5, S1, S2)

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14
Q

Fibularis brevis

A

a. Origin – Inferolateral surface of fibula
b. Insertion – base of 5th metatarsal
c. Function – plantarflexion and eversion of foot
d. Innervation – superficial fibular n. (L5, S1, S2)

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15
Q

Superficial Posterior Leg Muscles

A

Gastrocneumius
Soleus
Plantaris

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16
Q

Gastrocneumius

A
  1. Origin – lateral femoral condyle (lateral head); medial femoral condyle (medial head)
  2. Insertion – via calcaneal tendon to calcaneus
  3. Function – plantarflexion of foot; assists with flexion of knee
  4. Innervation – Tibial n. (S1, S2)
17
Q

Soleus

A
  1. Origin – soleal line of tibia and superior fibula
  2. Insertion – via calcaneal tendon to calcaneus
  3. Function – plantarflexion of foot
  4. Innervation – Tibial n. (S1, S2)
18
Q

Plantaris

A
  1. Origin – lateral femoral condyle
  2. Insertion – via calcaneal tendon to calcaneus
  3. Function – weakly flexes leg, plantarflexion of foot; proprioception
  4. Innervation – Tibial n. (S1, S2)
  5. CLINICAL CORRELATION – because of clinical insignificance, the plantaris can be removed without consequence for muscle grafting.
    CLINICAL CORRELATION – this muscle can sometimes be painfully ruptured during strenuous activities.
19
Q

Deep Posterior Leg Muscles

A

Popliteus
Flexor digitorum longus
Tibialis posterior
Flexor hallucis longus

20
Q

Popliteus

A
  1. Origin – lateral femoral condyle
  2. Insertion – posterior surface of tibia superior to soleal line.
  3. Function – unlocks know by rotating femur laterally on tibia; flexes knee; medially rotates tibia when foot unsupported.
  4. Innervation – Tibial n. (L4, L5, S1)
  5. Popliteal bursa lies deep to tendon of muscle.
  6. Forms floor (anterior wall) of the popliteal fossa; deep to arteries, veins, and nn.
21
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

A
  1. Origin – posterior surface of tibia
  2. Insertion – distal phalanges of toes 2-5
  3. Function – flexion of toes 2-5; plantarflexion of foot
  4. Innervation – Tibial n. (S2, S3)
22
Q

Tibialis posterior

A
  1. Origin – posterior surface of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane
  2. Insertion – plantar surfaces of navicular, cuneiform, cuboid, calcaneus, bases of metatarsals
  3. Function – plantarflexion and inversion of foot
  4. Innervation – Tibial n. (L4, L5)
23
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

A
  1. Origin – Posterior fibula and interosseous membrane
  2. Insertion – distal phalanx of great toe
  3. Function – plantarflexion of foot; flexion of great toe
  4. Innervation – Tibial n. (S2, S3)
24
Q

Boundaries of popliteal fossa

A
  1. Superomedial – semitendinosus and semimembranosus
  2. Superolateral – biceps femoris
  3. Inferomedial – medial head of gastrocnemius
  4. Inferolateral – lateral head of gastrocnemius
  5. Anterior – knee joint capsule and popliteus
  6. Posterior – skin of knee and popliteal fascia
25
Q

Contents of popliteal fossa

A
  1. Fat
  2. Termination of small (lesser) saphenous vein
  3. Terminal portion of posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
  4. Popliteal lymph nodes
  5. Sciatic nerve typically splits into common fibular and tibial nerves within popliteal fossa.
  6. Popliteal vein
  7. Popliteal artery
26
Q

Lymph Nodes of Popliteal Fossa

A
  1. Superficial popliteal lymph nodes – drain to deep popliteal lymph nodes
  2. Deep popliteal lymph nodes – drain to deep inguinal lymph nodes
27
Q

Tibial nerve

-spinal segments

A

L4, L5, S1, S2, S3

28
Q

Tibial Nerve Motor Supply (7)

A
  1. Gastrocnemius
  2. Plantaris
  3. Soleus
  4. Popliteus
  5. Tibialis posterior
  6. Flexor digitorum longus
  7. Flexor hallucis longus
29
Q

Tibial Nerve Sensory Supply

A

Via medial sural component of sural nerve supplies sensory innervation to posterolateral leg and foot.

30
Q

Common Fibular Nerve Spinal Segments

A

L4, L5, S1, S2

31
Q

Lateral sural cutaneous nerve

A

Branch of common fibular

– supplies lateral side of leg and foot

32
Q

Deep fibular nerve

A

Branch of Common Fibular, L4, L5, S1, S2

Nerve of anterior leg compartment

33
Q

Deep fibular nerve Motor (6)

A
  1. Tibialis anterior
  2. Extensor digitorum longus
  3. Extensor hallucis longus
  4. Fibularis tertius
  5. Extensor digitorum brevis (dorsum of foot)
  6. Extensor hallucis brevis (dorsum of foot)
34
Q

Deep fibular nerve SENSORY

A

area between toes 1 and 2 (dorsal digital nn)

35
Q

Superficial fibular nerve

A

Branch of Common fibular L4, L5, S1, S2

36
Q

Superficial fibular nerve Motor supply to:

A
  1. Fibularis longus

2. Fibularis brevis

37
Q

Superficial fibular nerve Sensory:

A
  1. Anterior-inferior leg

2. Dorsum of foot except for small area supplied by deep fibular nerve.

Exam 3 MSK 2019 (6 decks)

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