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Exam 3 MSK 2019 > Foot > Flashcards

Foot Flashcards

1
Q

Hindfoot

A

Calcaneus and Talus

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2
Q

Midfoot

A

navicular, cuboid,cuneiform

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3
Q

Forefoot

A

Metatarsals and Phalanges

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4
Q

Plantar aponeurosis

A
  1. longitudinally oriented bundles of ct extending from the calcaneus to the digits,
  2. becomes continuous with the fibrous digital sheaths.
  3. The aponeurosis is reinforced distally by the superficial transverse metatarsal ligament.
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5
Q

Flexor digital sheaths

A

attach around the margins of the phalanges and form sheaths for the long and short flexor tendons of the toes

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6
Q

Compartments of the Foot (5)

A
  1. Medial
  2. Lateral
  3. Central
  4. Interosseus
  5. Dorsal
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7
Q

Medial compartment Contents

A
  1. abductor hallucis,
  2. flexor hallucis brevis,
  3. tendons of flexor hallucis longus,
  4. medial plantar a.v.n.
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8
Q

Central Compartment Contents

A
  1. flexor digitorum brevis,
  2. quadratus plantae,
  3. tendons of the flexor hallucis longus
  4. tendons of flexor digitorum longus,
  5. lumbricals,
  6. adductor hallucis,
  7. lateral plantar a.v.n.
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9
Q

Lateral compartment Contents

A
  1. abductor digiti minimi,
  2. flexor digiti minimi,
    3, lateral plantar a.v.n.
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10
Q

Interosseous Compartment Contents

A
  1. plantar and dorsal interossei mm,
  2. deep plantar a.
  3. plantar metatarsal aa.
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11
Q

Dorsal Compartment Contents

A
  1. extensor digitorum brevis,
  2. extensor hallucis brevis,
  3. superficial and deep fibular nn,
  4. dorsalis pedis a,
  5. dorsal metatarsal aa.
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12
Q

Muscles of the Plantar foot layer #1

A

Abductor Hallucis
Flexor digitorum Brevis
Abductor digiti minimi

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13
Q

Muscles of the Plantar foot layer #2

A

quadratus plante

Lumbricals

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14
Q

Muscles of the Plantar foot layer #3

A

Flexor Hallicus Brevis
Adductor Hallucis
Flexor digiti minimi

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15
Q

Muscles of the Plantar Foot Layer #4

A

Dorsal Interossei

Plantar interossei

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16
Q

Muscles of the dorsum of the foot

A

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

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17
Q

Abductor Hallucis

A

O: Calcaneus and Plantar aponeurosis

I: Medial Side, proximal phalanx of big toe

A: Abduction of the big toe
Flexion of the big toe

N: Medial Plantar Nerve

18
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

A

O: Calcaneus and Plantar aponeurosis

I: Middle Phalanges of toes 2-5

A: Flexion of the lesser toes

N: Medial Plantar Nerve

19
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

O: Calcaneus and Plantar Aponeurosis

I: Lateral side, proximal phalanx of little toe

A: Abduction of little toe
Flexion of Little toe

N: Lateral Plantar Nerve

20
Q

Quadratus Plantae

A

O: Calcaneus

I: Lateral Tendons of Flexor Digitorum Longus

A: Redirects pull of FDL tendons to increase mechanical advantage of FDL in flexion

N: Lateral Plantar Nerve

21
Q

Lumbricals

A

O: Tendons of Flexor Digitorum Longus

I: Medial side of proximal phalanges and extensor expansions of toes 2-5

A: Flexion of the lesser toes of the metatarsal -phalangeal joint
Extension of Interphalangeal Joints

N: Medial Plantar Nerve for the medial lumbrical. Lateral Plantar Nerve for the rest.

22
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

A

O: Cuboid and Lateral Cuneiform

I: Lateral and Medial Sides of the Proximal Phalanx of the big toe

A: Flexion of the Big Toe

N: Medial Plantar Nerve

23
Q

Adductor Hallucis

A

Looks Like a 7

O: Oblique Head- bases of metatarsals 2-4
Transverse Head- Plantar Ligaments of metatarsal phalangeal joints

I: Lateral Side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe

N: Lateral Plantar Nerve

24
Q

Flexor Digit Minimi

A

O: Base of 5th metatarsal

I: Proximal Phalanx of big toe

A: Flexion of 5th toe

N: Lateral Plantar Nerve

25
Q

Dorsal Inerossei

A

4- Bipennate muscles

O: Adjacent Side Metatarsals 1-5

I: 1st – medial side of proximal phalanx and extensor expansion of toe 2
– 2nd thru 4th – lateral side of proximal phalanx and extensor expansion of toes 2-4

A: 1. flexion and abduction at meta-tarso-phalangeal joints;
2. extension at interphalangeal joints

N: Lateral Plantar Nerve

26
Q

Plantar Interossei

A

3- Unipennate

O: Medial Sides of metatarsals 3-5

I: medial sides of proximal phalanx and extensor expansions of toes 3-5

A: flexion and adduction at metatarsophalangeal joints; extension at interphalangeal joints

N: Lateral Plantar Nerve

27
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

A

O: Calcaneus

I: Extensor expansions digits 2-4

A: Extension of the lesser toes

N: Deep Fibular Nerve

28
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

A

O: Calcaneus

I: Proximal Phalanx Big Toe

A: Extension of Big Toe

N: Deep Fibular Nerve

29
Q

Superficial Fibular Nerve (origin, course, and supply)

A

Originates from common fibular nerve

Course: After supplying the lateral leg, courses superficial to the extensor retinacula and on the dorsum of the foot, divides into medial and intermediate dorsal cutaneous nn.

Cutaneous supply:

  1. skin of dorsum of foot,
  2. dorsal digital branches to the medial side of the great toe,
  3. lateral side of the second toe,
  4. all other toes.
30
Q

Deep Fibular Nerve (origin, course, and supply)

A

Originates from common fibular nerve

Motor Innervation to:
Extensor Hallucis Brevis
Extensor Digitorum brevis

Cutaneous Innervation to web of skin between toes 1 and 2

31
Q

Saphenous Nerve (origin, course, and supply)

A

Originates from femoral nerve (L4)

Course: Pierces through vastoadductor membrane to exist adductor canal.
Travels along medial knee, leg, and foot

Cutaneous supply: to medial knee, leg, and foot.

32
Q

Sural Nerve (origin, course, and supply)

A

Originates from common fibular (lateral sural) and tibial (medial sural) nn.

Courses along posterior leg, lateral malleolus, and lateral foot.

Cutaneous supply: posterior leg, region over lateral malleolus, and lateral foot.

33
Q

Medial Plantar Nerve Origin

A

Originates from tibial nerve, posterior to the medial malleolus.

34
Q

Lateral Plantar Nerve Origin

A

Originates from tibial nerve posterior to the medial malleolus.

35
Q

Lateral Plantar Nerve Course

A

Course: through abductor hallucis and then travels anterolaterally between the muscles flexor digitorum brevis and quadratus plantae.

The nerve exits lateral to flexor digitorum brevis to course in the lateral compartment of foot. Here, it divides into superficial and deep branches.

The deep branch turns medially, coursing deeply between adductor hallucis and the interossei

36
Q

Lateral Plantar Nerve Motor Innervation (6)

A

Motor supply:

  1. abductor digiti minimi,
  2. flexor digiti minimi,
  3. quadratus plantae,
  4. lateral 3 lumbricals,
  5. plantar interossei,
  6. dorsal interossei.
37
Q

Lateral Plantar Nerve Cutaneous Innervation

A

Cutaneous supply:

  1. to the lateral plantar surface of foot
  2. lateral 1 ½ digits via common and proper plantar digital nn.
38
Q

Medial Plantar Nerve Course

A

Course: through abductor hallucis and then travels distally in medial compartment of foot between abductor hallucis and flexor digitorum brevis.

39
Q

Medial Plantar Nerve Motor Innervation

A

Motor supply:

  1. abductor hallucis,
  2. flexor hallucis brevis,
  3. flexor digitorum brevis,
  4. medial lumbrical.
40
Q

Medial Nerve Cutaneous Innervation

A

Cutaneous innervation:

  1. medial plantar surface of foot a
  2. medial 3 ½ digits via common and proper plantar digital nn.

Exam 3 MSK 2019 (6 decks)

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