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Human Geo > Pop and environment- Malaria + CHD > Flashcards

Pop and environment- Malaria + CHD Flashcards

1
Q

Which environmental factors contribute to malaria transmission?

A
  • warm temperatures
  • high humidity
  • stagnant water
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1
Q

What is malaria?

A
  • a life-threatening disease caused by parasites, transmitted through the bite of female Anopheles mosquitoes.
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1
Q

What regions are most affected by malaria?

A

Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and South America.

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2
Q

How does malaria impact population health?

A

causes high mortality, especially among children under five, and morbidity, leading to anemia and reduced productivity.

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3
Q

How does climate change affect malaria distribution?

A

Rising temperatures may expand malaria zones and increase transmission seasons in affected areas.

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4
Q

How does malaria affect economic development?

A
  • increases healthcare costs
  • reduces agricultural productivity
  • creates a poverty cycle by affecting health and education.
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4
Q

What are some effective malaria prevention methods?

A
  • Insecticide-treated nets
  • indoor insecticide spraying
  • draining stagnant water
  • anti-malarial drugs.
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5
Q

What global efforts are in place to combat malaria?

A
  • WHO’s Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria
  • Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
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6
Q

What is coronary heart disease (CHD)?

A
  • when the coronary arteries are narrowed or blocked due to fatty deposits, leading to chest pain (angina) or heart attacks.
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7
Q

What are the main risk factors for CHD?

A
  • Smoking
  • poor diet
  • physical inactivity
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8
Q

How does socio-economic status affect CHD risk?

A

Lower socio-economic groups are more likely to engage in unhealthy behaviors and have limited access to healthcare, increasing their risk of CHD.

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9
Q

What is the economic impact of CHD on healthcare systems?

A

CHD treatment is expensive due to long-term medication and healthcare services, straining economies.

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9
Q

In which types of countries is CHD most common?

A

High-income and middle-income countries, due to aging populations and sedentary lifestyles.

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10
Q

What are the main methods of CHD prevention?

A
  • Public health campaigns promoting healthy eating
  • exercise
  • medical interventions like statins and bypass surgery.
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11
Q

How does CHD affect aging populations?

A

CHD is more common in older adults, contributing to the health burden in aging populations with reduced life expectancy

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12
Q

How is CHD linked to globalization and urbanization?

A

Globalization and urbanization increase access to processed foods, promote sedentary lifestyles, and contribute to the rise of CHD in developing countries.

13
Q

What is the role of climate change in CHD?

A

Rising global temperatures and air pollution can worsen heart conditions, particularly during heat waves or in polluted urban environments.

Human Geo (8 decks)

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