GSGG Flashcards
1
Q
Globalisation
A
growing interdependence of countries worldwide
2
Q
types of globalisation
A
- social
- economic
- cultural
- political
3
Q
dimensions of globalisation (flows)
A
- capital
- labour
- products
- services and information
4
Q
flows of capital
A
- money for investment/ trade
- FDI 2016= 1500bn$
5
Q
flows of labour
A
- migration
- economic migrants send remittance home
- 2014, 25/ of Nepals GDP made up of remittance
6
Q
Flows of services and information
A
- HICs= banking, technology
- LICs= customer services
- news
7
Q
Flows of products
A
- goods
- production in LICs, sold in HICs
8
Q
Glocalisation
A
- products adapted to suit location
- India mcdonald’s doesn’t sell beef
9
Q
Deindustrialisation
A
- global/ asian shift
- production went from HICs to LICs
10
Q
Factors of globalisation
6
A
- technology
- financial
- transport
- security
- communication
- management
11
Q
tech as a factor of globalisation
A
- shrinking world effect
- phones
- transport
12
Q
financial as a factor of globalisation
A
- investment
- banks
- WTO/WB
13
Q
transport as a factor of globalisation
A
- containerisation
- air travel
- reduce cost and transport time
14
Q
security as a factor of globalisation
A
- laws
- migration policies
15
Q
communication as a factor of globalisation
A
- rise of internet
16
Q
management as a factor of globalisation
A
- global supply chains
17
Q
Offshoring
A
moving a company abroad eg factories in areas of cheaper labour
18
Q
Outsourcing
A
employing another company to carry out sections of work eg call centres
19
Q
Types of trade agreements
A
- free trade areas
- customs union
- political union
20
Q
free trade areas
A
- eliminates internal barriers but maintain external barriers
- NAFTA
21
Q
customs union
A
- eliminate internal barriers
- one common external barrier
- EU
22
Q
political union
A
- free movement of labour and people
- uniform set of economic politics
- EU
23
Q
Positives of trade blocs
A
- increased global peace
- more influence
- increased movement of labour
24
Q
negatives of trade blocs
A
- different levels of development within a trade bloc can lead to exploitation eg NAFTA
- conflict eg jobs stolen, NAFTA
25
new trade agreements
- geographically far eg EU and japan
- removes tariffs
26
Global governance
- emergence of norms, laws and institutions that regulate global systems
27
UN
- 1945
- after ww2
- To promote peace and growth
- 193 members
28
UNSC
- 5 permanent members
- winners of WW2
- veto power
29
UN peacekeeping force
- aim to promote peace
- 80/ field personal from LICs and NEEs eg Ethiopia
30
World Bank
- 185 members
- important source of financial aid and technical assistance to developing countries
- aim to reduce poverty
31
WTO
- deals with the global rules of trade and help to resolve disputes
32
IMF
- regulates global economy
- advises governments on development
- gives loans
33
SAPs
- given by IMF and WB
- polices countries must follow in order to qualify for loans
- EG 2000 Bolivia, water privatised and prices doubled
34
Gini index
- measures level of inequality of income distribution within a country
- 0 = equal
1 = unequal
35
Trends and patterns of trade
- since 80s volume has increased
- HICS import, LICs export
- increased by trade blocs, new liberal ideas and rise of middle classes
36
differential access to markets
- how much access to markets do different countries have
- effected by wealth, trade blocs and location
37
Trade war eg
- Banana war
- produced: asia, latin america
- consumption: EU and US
- trade dominated by TNCs eg Chiquita
- ex colonies still trade to mother countries
- 1999 EU tried to form a trade agreement with former colonies
- US said to WTO this wasn't fair and it was stopped
38
Trade embargo
- ban on trade
-1973 OPEQ proclaims embargo on USA do to their participation in a war in the middle easy
- oil pries in the US quadrupled
39
Spatial organisation of TNCs
- headquarters in HICs eg silicon valley
- manufacturing in LICs eg asia
- sold: HICs
40
Positives of TNCs in host
- provide skilled jobs
- investment in renewable tech
41
negatives of TNCS in host
- poor working conditions
- repatriation of profits
- air, land and water pollution
42
Positives of TNCs in origin
- high skilled jobs
- low prices
- increase in renewable tech
43
negatives of TNCS in origin
- deindustrialisation
- TNCs can dominate businesses
