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Equine Semester 2 > Poorly > Flashcards

Poorly Flashcards

1
Q

Horses that eat too much or not enough basic ddx

A
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2
Q

Equine metabolic syndrome

A
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3
Q

Equine metabolic syndrome pathophysiology

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4
Q

Equine metabolic syndrome clinical picture

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5
Q

Body condition score

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6
Q

Cresty neck score

A
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7
Q

Diagnosis of equine metabolic syndrome

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8
Q

Oral (in-feed) glucose tolerance test

A
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9
Q

Fasting insulin

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10
Q

Mgt of equine metabolic syndrome

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11
Q

Equine metabolic syndrome dietary mgt

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12
Q

Equine metabolic syndrome medical mgt

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13
Q

Horses that eat too little

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14
Q

Hyperlipidaemia/Hyperlipaemia

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15
Q

Hyperlipidaemia

/Hyperlipaemia induced by?

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16
Q

Hyperlipidaemia

/Hyperlipaemia

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17
Q

Hepatic lipidosis

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18
Q

Hepatic lipidosis diagnosis

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19
Q

Hepatic lipidosis treatment

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20
Q

Hepatic lipidosis nutritional support

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21
Q

Hepatic lipidosis pharmacological treatment

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22
Q

Fat metabolism

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23
Q

Hepatic lipidosis conclusion

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24
Q

Starving horses

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25
Q

What happens with a starving horse?

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26
Q

Re-feeding syndrome

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27
Q

Pathophysiology Re-Feeding Syndrome

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28
Q

Horses at risk of re-feeding syndrome

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29
Q

What is the best diet to re-feed?

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30
Q

Re-feeding protocol

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31
Q

Other issues for neglected horses

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32
Q

Signalment and History

3

-

year old Standardbred filly raced

Wednesday

night

Raced poorly

‘Scoped on the track

large amount of mucus in trachea

Horse is presented on

Sunday

evening for evaluation of colic

Trainer reports that the filly is

inappetent

, has decreased

faecal

output and has been lying down more often than

usual

A
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33
Q
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34
Q
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35
Q
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36
Q
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37
Q
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38
Q
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39
Q
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40
Q
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41
Q

Case! Arrow

•

4 yo

Arabian x TB mare

•

Endurance horse

•

Performing very well until two weeks ago

–

pulled up at 60 km check with irregular heart

rhythm

•

Presented to you for further evaluation

Arrow

•

Temperature = 37.4°

C

•

RR = 16 breaths/minute

–

Lung sounds normal

–

Incl. rebreathing

•

HR = 48 beats/minute

–

Irregularly irregular rhythm

–

No S4

–

No murmurs

•

Normal borborygmi

•

No other abnormalities

A

(cont)

Sinus rhythm after 4 doses, 2nd attempt

1 week rest following successful cardioversion

Returned to previous level of performance

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42
Q

Arrhythmias

A
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43
Q

Normal arrhthmias

A
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44
Q
A
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45
Q

Effects of pathological arrhythmias

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46
Q

Questions to ask with ECG trace interpretation

A
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47
Q
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48
Q

Effects of atrial fibrillation

A
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49
Q

Common history of atrial fibrillation

A
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50
Q

What does atrial fibrillation sound like?

A
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51
Q

Diagnostic tests for atrial fibrillation

A
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52
Q

Atrial fibrillation treatment

A
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53
Q

Quinidine

A
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54
Q

Monitoring atrial fibrillation

A
55
Q

Signs of quinidine toxicity

A
56
Q

What to do if successful conversion?

A
57
Q

Prognosis of atrial fibrillation

A
58
Q

Less common arrhythmias

A
59
Q
A
60
Q

VPCs

A
61
Q

VPC diagnosis

A
62
Q

What do VPCs sound like? Look like?

A
63
Q
A
64
Q

VPCs exercising ECG?

A
65
Q

VPC treatment

A
66
Q

Myocardial disease

A
67
Q

Ionophore toxicosis

A

* May be seen in outbreaks (contaminated common feed source)

* Clinical presentation depends on dose ingested

* Skeletal muscle may be involved

  • Myoglobinuria
  • Increased CK, AST

* Recumbency, collapse, death

* Arrhythmias

68
Q

Ionophore toxicosis diagnosis? Post mortem findings?

A
69
Q

Ionophore toxicosis treatment

A
70
Q

Ionophore toxicosis prognosis? Mgt of suvivors?

A
71
Q

Poor performance in horses v. at rest

A
72
Q

Physical exam of a horse with poor performance

A
73
Q

After physical exam next step in horse with poor performance?

A
74
Q

Cardiac poor performance: Indications for referral

A
75
Q

Murmurs

A
76
Q

How to describe a murmur

A
77
Q

Grading a murmur

A
78
Q

Valvular heart disease

A
79
Q

Left sided murmurs

A
80
Q

Right sided murmurs

A
81
Q

Mitral valve disease

A
82
Q

Tricuspid valve disease

A
83
Q

Aortic valve disease

A

Aortic valve

  • exercising ECG if poor performance, cardiac remodelling (presence VPCs, HR for level exercise)
  • 24 hour Holter
  • Monitor for progression, esp moderate-severe AR
  • monitor for development of arrhythmias

– VPCs

– A fib

84
Q

Pulmonic valve disease

A
85
Q

Ventricular Septal Defect

A
86
Q

Lower respiratory tract poor performance

A
87
Q
A

76% haemosiderophages

88
Q

EIPH endoscopic grades

A
89
Q

EIPH cytology

A
90
Q

EIPH treatment

A
91
Q

IAD

A
92
Q

IAD diagnosis

A
93
Q

IAD environmental management

A
94
Q

IAD medical management

A
95
Q

Poor performance

A
96
Q

Poor performance typical complaints

A
97
Q

Need to know

A
98
Q

Poor performance history

A
99
Q

Brief immediate post-race vet check

A
100
Q

Poor performance exam

A
101
Q

Poor performance examination optional diagnostic testing

A
102
Q

Musculoskeletal problems

A
103
Q

Musculoskeletal examination

A
104
Q

Scintigraphy

A
105
Q

Serum muscle enzyme levels before and after exercise

A
106
Q

Thoracolumbosacral region

A
107
Q

Mgt and prognosis of musculoskeletal problems

A
108
Q

Factors affecting athletic performance

A
109
Q
A
110
Q

Determinants of oxygen delivery and consumption

A
111
Q

Energy efficient gait

A
112
Q
A
113
Q
A
114
Q
A
115
Q

Respiratory disease

A
116
Q

Horses CV capacity

A
117
Q

Spleen

A
118
Q

Cardiac parameters at rest and during exercise: horse v. human

A
119
Q

Distribution of CO during exercise

A
120
Q

Cardiac disease

A
121
Q

Training adaptations- Fitness

A
122
Q

Effects of training on oxygen uptake

A
123
Q

Muscle adaptation with training

A
124
Q

Aerobic capacity

A

Can measure VO2max

yet difficult in

the field with very high flow rates in horses,

equipment not readily available

125
Q

Simpler fitness testing

A
126
Q

Measurement of HR during exercise

A
127
Q

Factors that can effect HR

A
128
Q

Indicator or aerobic capacity

A
129
Q

Overtraining

A
130
Q

Keeping fit and healthy for the competitive season

A
131
Q

Anhidrosis

A
132
Q

Anhydrosis: signs and dx

A
133
Q

Anhidrosis management

A

Equine Semester 2 (8 decks)

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