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Neuroscience1 > Pons, CN V, VII, VIII > Flashcards

Pons, CN V, VII, VIII Flashcards

1
Q

Tegmentum contains

A

Cranial nuclei and ascending/descending tracts

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2
Q

Basis pontis location

A

Ventral pons

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3
Q

Basis pontis contains

A
  • Pontine nuclei and crossing pontine fibers running transversely to make cerebellar peduncle
  • large fascicles containing corticospinal, corticobulbar and corticopontine fibers running in caudal direction
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4
Q

Cerebellar peduncles location

A

All 3 (inf, middle, sup) can be seen at pontine level

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5
Q

Inferior and middle cerebellar peduncles contain

A

Allow for cerebellar afferents to enter cerebellum

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6
Q

Superior cerebellar peduncles

A

Allow for cerebellar afferents to exit the cerebellum

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7
Q

Vestibulocochlear nerve CN VIII- cochlear division function

A

Auditory info from cochlea is distributed bilaterally through brain stem and cortical auditory areas

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8
Q

CN VIII unilateral lesion

A

Unilateral lesions of CNS auditory structures do not result in unilateral deafness but ipsilateral deafness?

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9
Q

Tract of cochlear nerve

A
  1. Inner ear
  2. Dorsal & Ventral cochlear nuclei
  3. Superior Olivary Nucleus
  4. Lateral lemniscus
  5. Inferior Colliculus
  6. Brachium of inferior colliculus
  7. Cerebral cortex
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10
Q

Cochlear nerve- cerebral cortex areas

A
  • superior temporal gyrus
  • brodmann’s areas 41 and 42
  • primary auditory cortex
  • transverse temporal gyri of Heschl
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11
Q

Location of ventral and dorsal cochlear nuclei

A

Nuclei are superficial and located in rostral (open) medulla, adjacent to base of the inferior cerebellar peduncle

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12
Q

Reflex turning of head to sound- tract

A

Inferior Colliculus
Superior Colliculus
Tectospinal tract

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13
Q

Protection pathways against loud noise

A

Superior Olivary nucleus projects to:

  • CN VII to stapedius muscle- dampen noise at stapes
  • CN V to the tensor tympani- dampen noise at the malleus
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14
Q

Acoustic neuroma

A

Tumor growing in the cerebellopontine angle, usually benign and beginning at the VIIIth nerve
-can also involve CN VII, V, IX

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15
Q

Acoustic Neuroma symptoms

A
  1. Vestibular component- changes in perception of head position- spinning, sensation, vertigo
  2. Tinnitus- ringing of the ears
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16
Q

Antibiotic toxicity- ear infections

A

Toxic to CNS and effect CN VIII during the change from the meninges to the CT component of a peripheral nerve

17
Q

Trigmeninal nerve CN V- general somatosensation

A 
Anterior 2/3 of face
3 parts:
V1- Ophthalmic- above eye
V2- Maxillary- below eye, above mouth 
V3- Mandibular- jaw
18
Q

CN V- LMN

A

Mandibular division synapses in motor nucleus of V

Innervates- temporalis, masseter, med/lat pterygoid, digastric, mylohyoid, tensor tympani

19
Q

Tegmentum location

A

Distal portion of pons located below the fourth ventricle

20
Q

Facial nerve CN VII- LMN origin

A

Motor nucleus of VII

21
Q

LMN CN VII function

A

Innervate ipsilateral muscles of facial expression, platysma, stapedius

22
Q

LMN CN VII tract

A

Exits at anterolateral part of tegmentum of lower pons

23
Q

UMN CN VII

A

Corticobulbar innervation is bilateral to upper face and contralateral to lower face

24
Q

Preganglionic parasympathetic CN VII- origin/function

A

Origin- reticular formation of the caudal pons

Function- tear production and salivation

25
Q

CN VII tear production- postganglionic cell bodies

A

In pterygopalatine ganglion (lacrimal gland)

26
Q

CN VII salivation- postganglionic cell bodies

A

In submandibular ganglia (submandibular and sublingual glands)

27
Q

CV VII sensory function

A

Taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue (chorda tympani)

28
Q

CN VII tract

A
  1. Synapses in rostral solitary nucleus in medulla
  2. Ipsilateral VPM
  3. Gustatory area of cortex- parietal lobe and insula
29
Q

Bell’s palsy

A

LMN lesion of CN VII, deficit to ipsilateral muscles of facial expression

30
Q

UMN lesion CN VII

A

Deficit on contralateral lower face only

31
Q

Corneal blink reflex

A

Trigeminal and facial nerve

Touch cornea and both eyes close

32
Q

Direct blink reflex

A

Closure of touched eye

33
Q

Indirect or consensual blink response

A

Closure of untouched eye

34
Q

Blink reflex circuit

A
  1. receptor- free nerve ending in cornea (ophthalmic division of CN V)
  2. Afferent limb- ends in main sensory nucleus of V
  3. Interneurons- project directly to ipsilateral facial motor nucleus and RF interneurons
  4. Direct reflex efferent limb- ipsilateral facial motor nucleus to orbicularis oculi- blink
  5. Indirect reflex- RF interneurons project to contralateral facial motor nucleus- blink

Neuroscience1 (7 decks)

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