POMA

Question 1

what are the three components of POMA

Answer 1

database (history, physical exam, tests), assessment (immediacy, localization, problem list, DDx), plans (diagnostic, treatment)

Question 2

problem list is included in what part of POMA

Answer 2

assessment

Question 3

T/F problem list includes past and current diagnoses

Answer 3

true

Question 4

problem lists should be organized in order of

Answer 4

priority (most at top, inactive at bottom)

Question 5

broad categories of disease (1 of each)

Answer 5

D (degenerative, developmental)
A (autologous, autoimmune, accidental)
M (metabolic, mechanical)
N (nutritional, neoplastic)
I (iatrogenic, infectious, inflammatory, ischemic, idiopathic)
T (trauma, toxic)

Question 6

Diagnostic tests are part of both

Answer 6

database and plans

Question 7

what is the prognosis

Answer 7

forecast of the outcome; includes survival, function, QOL, with what intervention, financial and logistical concerns for the owner

Question 8

anorexia vs hyporexia vs dysrexia

Answer 8

anorexia: loss in appetite
hyporexia: decrease in appetite
dysrexia: change in food preference

Question 9

what are the most important physical exam findings to consider for patients with anorexia

Answer 9

palpate to determine if it is within the gastrointestinal tract, paying attention for foreign bodies; full oral exam, especially under the tongue for cats; neurological and orthopedic exam; also key to get an accurate weight and record it

Question 10

what are the most important physical exam findings to consider for patients with weight loss

Answer 10

abdominal palpation, full oral exam, neurologic and orthopedic exam (same as for anorexia), get an accurate weight

ALSO
body condition score, muscle condition score, fecal score if possible

Question 11

what is TLI? what is it used for?

Answer 11

trypsin-like immunoreactivity; test for diagnosing exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in dogs (cTLI) and cats (fTLI)

Question 12

what is an important test for diagnosing pancreatitis

Answer 12

pancreatic lipase: cPL and fPL

Question 13

if testing for EPI, what is important to measure (2)

Answer 13

TLI and serum cobalamin (B12)

Question 14

it is very common for dogs and cats to be low in __________ if they have EPI

Answer 14

serum cobalamin

Question 15

cutaneous/subcutaneous masses are ________ in dogs and ___________ in cats

Answer 15

common in dogs; uncommon in cats

Question 16

what are important physical exam findings for patients with masses

Answer 16

characterization of mass (size, shape, location, depth, ulceration, how movable); examination of local lymph nodes; complete physical exam (as always)

Question 17

what is the 1-2-3 rule

Answer 17

has it been present for over 1 month; has it doubled in size since it was discovered; is it 3cm or more in diameter

Question 18

what are diagnostic tools for a mass

Answer 18

FNA; incisional biopsy; excisional biopsy

Question 19

what is a lipoma

Answer 19

benign tumour of adipocytes; subcutaneous; movable; nonpainful; often soft; may interfere with movement

Question 20

what are diagnostic options for lameness

Answer 20

radiographs, CT, MRI, arthrocentesis, CBC/biochem/urinalysis/serology for specific diseases, arthroscopy, biopsy

Question 21

name some treatment options for DJD/osteoarthritis

Answer 21

nutritional supplements (chondroitin, glucosamine, prescription diets), exercise modification, support of cartilage and joint health, NSAIDs, weight loss, rehab/physical therapy/exercise program

Question 22

what is pruritis

Answer 22

a sensation that triggers the need to scratch, lick, rub or chew at the skin

Question 23

what is alopecia

Answer 23

complete or partial loss of hair in an area where it is normally present

Question 24

where are important places to look when a patient is pruritic or has alopecia

Answer 24

interdigital pad, ear canal (do they have otitis externa), whole body (not just location described by client)

Question 25

what is important to look for when investigating pruritis or alopecia

Answer 25

pustules, papules, excoriations, moistness, redness, flea dirt; is the shaft broken or is the entire hair follicle gone

Question 26

what are some treatment options for pruritis and alopeciua

Answer 26

antiparasitic medication or medication for otisis externa, food elimination trial, treatment of secondary bacterial or fungal infections, antipruritic medications (ex. cytopoint, prednisone, apoquel)