POM 12 & 13 - HIV mini symposium Flashcards
what cell(s) are responsible for inflammation and phagocytosis
neutrophils
what cell(s) are responsible for antibody specific cytotoxicity
CD8 T lymphocytes
K lymphocytes (antibody dependent)
what cell(s) are responsible for antibody production
B lymphocytes
what cell(s) are responsible for non-antigen specific cytotoxicity
natural killer cells
what cell(s) are responsible for cytokine-mediated immune regulation
CD4 T lymphocytes
what is seroconversion
when your immune system fights HIV at first
what are the 2 ways that people can get HIV
children born with HIV
acquired immune illness
what is the difference between HIV and AIDS
HIV is the virus
AIDS is the description of the illness
what is the structure of the HIV virus
RNA
has glycoprotein 120 (trimers of protein) spike protein
what does HIV virus bind to - cell type and where specifically on that cell
what part of HIV binds to the cell
GP120 binds to CD4 receptors as primary target of HIV is helper T cells
specifically binds to the ccr5 or cxcr4 portion on the surface of young developing helper T cells
once HIV binds to the CD4 T helper cells a conformational change brings about what effect
allowing virus envelope to fuse with lymphocyte so that virus capsid and RNA can enter the cell after binding
what happens once HIV virus capsid and RNA enters the lymphocyte
capsid is digested which releases the virus RNA and reverse transcriptase
what does reverse transcriptase do in the lymphocyte after HIV infection
makes a DNA copy of the virus RNA
what happens after HIV virus RNA is coped in to DNA form by reverse transcriptase
viral DNA is removed from RNA by RNAseH and enters the nucleus
what does integrase do in the process of HIV infection
it opens the host NA and integrates viral DNA into the host genome and chromosomes
what happens once the HIV viral DNA is integrated with the host genome and chromosomes
viral DNA in nucleus transcribed and viral RNA is translated into viral proteins
what are 3 examples of the viral proteins that are produced from viral HIV RNA translation inside the host cells
gp120
capsid
reverse transcriptase
why do T cells die once the viral HIV DNA in nucleus is transcribed and viral RNA is translated into viral proteins
the T cells are destroyed by budding virus or by adaptive immune response
what happens after the HIV virus assembles and buds off the T cell
protease trims and organizes other enzymes such as reverse transcriptase to go on and infect other cells
ensures HIV particles are mature and fully functional
what are the 2 outcomes of HIV infection and replication
depletion of helper T cells
and
immune system activation
what are the targets of the enfuvirtide anti-retroviral drug - ie what part of HIV infection does it stop
fusion of HIV particle with T cells
what are the targets of the tenofovir anti-retroviral drug - ie what enzyme involved in HIV infection does it stop
reverse transcriptase
what are the targets of the raltegravir anti-retroviral drug - ie what enzyme involved in HIV infection does it stop
integrase
what are the targets of the atazanavir anti-retroviral drug - ie what enzyme involved in HIV infection does it stop
protease
