Polysaccharides / Carbohydrates Flashcards
1
Q
how are polysaccharides formed
A
when monosaccharides join via condensation reaction forming glycosidic bonds
2
Q
what are the two types of starch
A
amylose and amylopectin
3
Q
describe amylose
A
- long unbranded chains of a-glucose
- coiled structure - compact and good for storage
4
Q
describe amylopectin
A
- long, branched chains of a-glucose
- has side branches > allows easier breaking down of the molecule for the enzymes > glucose released quicker
5
Q
function of starch
A
stored by cells for energy from glucose
6
Q
function of glycogen
A
stored as excess for energy for animals
7
Q
describe glycogen
A
- branched > glucose released quicker
- compact > good for storage
8
Q
function of cellulose
A
provides structural support for cells
9
Q
describe cellulose
A
- long unbranched chains of beta glucose
- cellulose chains linked with hydrogen bonds > forming strong fibres (micro fibrils)
- the strong fibres enable the function
10
Q
describe the iodine test for starch
A
add iodine dissolved in potassium iodide to the sample
if starch present > sample changes from browny-orange to blue-black
