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Organic Chemistry > Polymers > Flashcards

Polymers Flashcards

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1
Q

How to draw a repeating unit for a polyester

A

Take an H2O from the middle and from the ends

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2
Q

2 ways to form a polyester

A

Di-acid and Di-ol

Or

Di- acyl chloride and Di-ol

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3
Q

Polymerisation with a di-acyl chloride and a Di-ol produces what?

A

HCl and a polyester

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4
Q

How to form a polyamide

A

Di-acid + Di-amine

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5
Q

2 polymers used to form nylon-6,6

A

Hexanedioic acid

Hexane-1,6-diamine

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6
Q

How do polyamides differ when formed from amino acids or from diacid - diamine

A

Amino acid: alternating n-h and C=O

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7
Q

What does Kevlar make?

A

Bullet proof vests

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8
Q

What are the monomers that produce Kevlar?

A

Diamino benzene

Benzene-1,4-Di carboxylic acid

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9
Q

When making Kevlar what monomer can be used instead of benzene-1,4-di carboxylic acid?

A

Acyl chloride equivalent

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10
Q

Why can condensation polymers be broken down?

A

Delta positive C on C=O can be attacked by nucleophiles

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11
Q

Technical term for condensation polymers being broken down?

A

Hydrolysis

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12
Q

What can condensation polymers be broken down by?

A

An acid (eg HCl) or base (eg NaOH)

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13
Q

Why are condensation polymers environmentally friendly?

A

Can be hydrolysed by an acid or base due to delta positive C on C=O which can be attacked by nucleophiles

(Therefore biodegrades)

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14
Q

What must always be included in a diagram of lab fractional distillation?

A

Fractionating column
Ice bath
Heat

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15
Q

Can bifunctional molecules form condensation polymers?

A

Yep

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16
Q

For bifunctional molecules, how do you arrange to molecule to draw the repeating unit?

A

Put functional groups on each end

17
Q

Name 2 uses for condensation polymers

Why are they a good basis for these materials?

A

Preparation of plastic bottles for fizzy drinks and fabrics

Biodegradable (susceptible to hydrolysis)

18
Q

Why are alkanes un reactive

A

They have only strong, non-polar C-H and C-C

Not naturally broken down

19
Q

How are addition polymers disposed of?

A

Landfill

Melted down and remoulded

20
Q

3 problems with burning poly(alkenes)

A

Produces
CO2 (greenhouse gas)
CO (toxic gas)
Carbon (exacerbates asthma)

21
Q

What are the advantages of recycling polymers?

A

All plastic derived from crude oil so recycling saves using this non-renewable resource and the energy needed to refine it

If not recycled usually ends up in landfills

22
Q

What are the disadvantages of recycling?

A

Plastics needed to be collected, transported and sorted which uses energy (CO2 produced) and man power (expensive)

23
Q

Why are condensation polymers biodegradable?

A

The delta positive C of C=O can be attacked by nucleophiles

24
Q

Poly(alkenes) are made from additional polymerisation. True or false?

A

False

It is “addition” polymerisation not “additional”

25
Q

Common name for polyesters

A

Terylene

26
Q

What is a common name for polyamide?

A

Kevlar

Or

Nylon

27
Q

What is the mechanism involved in addition polymerisation

A

A Free radical mechanism

28
Q

What is used to make terylene

What else is produced

A

Benzene -1,4 - di carboxylic acid
And
Ethane-1,2- diol

Water

29
Q

Catalyst for condensation polymerisation to occur

A

Strong acid or specific enzyme

30
Q

Does nylon have a benzene ring

A

NO

31
Q

Monomers of Kevlar

A

Benzene -1,4- diamine

Benzene -1,4- di carboxylic acid

Organic Chemistry (12 decks)

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