Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FUNDAMENTALS OF MATERIAL SCIENCE > polymer structure > Flashcards

polymer structure Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

those derived from plants and animals

A

naturally occurring polymers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

organic materials are__________________

A

hydrocarbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

composed of hydrogen and carbon

A

hydrocarbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

intermolecular bond of polymers

A

covalent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

exists when each of the two bonding atoms contributes one electron

A

covalent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Molecules that have double and triple covalent bonds

A

unsaturated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

weak hydrogen and van der Waals bonds exist between molecules, and thus these hydrocarbons have relatively low melting and boiling points

A

paraffine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

hydrocarbon with the same composition by different atomic arrangement

A

isomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

physical properties of hydrocarbon are independent to its isomer state

A

false (depend)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

they are referred to as, macromolecules

A

polymer molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

it is the backbone of carbon chain polymer

A

carbon atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

carbon chain polymer is composed of entities called _______________

A

repeat units

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

it is sometimes called mer

A

repeat units

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

originates from the Greek word meros, which means “part”

A

mer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

small molecule from which a polymer is synthesized

A

Monomer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Have the trade name teflon, belong to the family of polymers called fluorocarbon

A

Polytetrafluoroethelyne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Slight variant of ethylene, in which one of the hydrogen atom is replaced by Cl

A

Vinyl chloride monomer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When all of the repeating units along a chain are of the same type

A

Homopolymer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Chains may be composed of two or more different repeat units

A

Copolymer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

monomers have an active bond that may react to form two covalent bonds with other monomers forming a two-dimensional chainlike molecular structure

A

Bifunctional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

number of bonds that a given monomer can form

A

Functionality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Molecular weight of is often express as

A

Number average
Weight average

23
Q

obtained by dividing the chains into a series of size ranges and then determining the number fraction of chains within each size range

A

Number - average molecular weight

24
Q

based on the weight fraction of molecules within the various size ranges

A

Weight - average molecular weight

25
Q

alternate way of expressing average chain size of a polymer

A

Degree of polymerization

26
Q

Single chain bonds are capable of rotating and bending in three dimensions

A

True

27
Q

occur when the chains assume twisted, coiled, and kinked shapes or contours as a consequence of chain bond rotations

A

Molecular entanglements

28
Q

Rotational flexibility is independent on repeat unit structure and chemistry

A

False (dependent)

29
Q

introduction of a bulky or large side group of atoms restricts rotational movement

A

True

30
Q

those in which the repeat units are joined together end to end in single chains

A

Linear polymers

31
Q

Polymers may be synthesized in which side-branch chains are connected to the main ones

A

Branched polymers

32
Q

adjacent linear chains are joined one to another at various positions by covalent bonds

A

Crosslinked chain

33
Q

Multifunctional monomers forming three or more active covalent bonds make three-dimensional networks

A

Network polymers

34
Q

situation in which atoms are linked together in the same order (head-to-tail) but differ in their spatial arrangement

A

Stereoisomerism

35
Q

all of the R groups are situated on the same side of the chain

A

Isotactic configuration

36
Q

R groups alternate sides of the chain

A

Syndiotactic configuration

37
Q

random positioning of R group

A

Atactic configuration

38
Q

chain configurations, or geometrical isomers, are not possible within repeat units having a double bond between chain carbon atoms

A

False (possible)

39
Q

Trans-polyisoprene, sometimes called ____________, has properties that are distinctly different from natural rubber as a result of this configurational alteration

A

gutta percha

40
Q

soften when heated (and eventually liquefy) and harden when cooled

A

Thermoplastics

41
Q

results when a molten thermoplastic polymer is raised to too high a temperature

A

Irreversible degradation

42
Q

are generally harder and stronger than thermoplastics and have better dimensional stability

A

Thermoset

43
Q

two different units are randomly dispersed along the chain

A

Random copolymer

44
Q

two repeat units alternate chain positions

A

Alternating copolymer

45
Q

identical repeat units are clustered in blocks along the chain

A

Block copolymer

46
Q

homopolymer side branches of one type may be grafted to homopolymer main chains that are composed of a different repeat unit

A

Graft copolymer

47
Q

common random copolymer from which automobile tires are made

A

Styrene - butadiene rubber

48
Q

composed of acrylonitrile and butadiene

A

Nitrile rubber

49
Q

block copolymer that consists of alternating blocks of styrene and butadiene

A

Impact - modified polystyrene

50
Q

packing of molecular chains to produce an ordered atomic array

A

Polymer crystallinity

51
Q

Folds occuring at the faces

A

Chain-folded model

52
Q

grow to be roughly spherical in shape

A

Spherulite

53
Q

considered to be the polymer analogue of grains in polycrystalline metals and ceramics

A

Spherulite

54
Q

expressed using a modified form of Fick’s first law

A

Permeation flow rate

FUNDAMENTALS OF MATERIAL SCIENCE (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions