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FUNDAMENTALS OF MATERIAL SCIENCE > Application Of Ceramics > Flashcards

Application Of Ceramics Flashcards

1
Q

noncrystalline silicates containing other oxides, notably CaO, Na2O, K2O, and Al2O3, which influence the glass properties

A

Glass

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2
Q

2 prime assets of ceramics

A

Optical transparency
Easily fabricated

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3
Q

Transform od inorganic glasses from noncrystalline state into crystalline by proper high temperature techniques

A

Crystallization

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4
Q

often added to the glass to promote crystallization

A

Nucleating agent

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5
Q

Frequent nucleating agent

A

Titanium oxide

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6
Q

Widely use raw material in ceramics

A

Clay

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7
Q

Classification of clay based products

A

Structural clay products
Whiteware ceramics

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8
Q

become white after the high-temperature firing

A

Whiteware

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9
Q

applications in which structural integrity is important

A

Structural clay products

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10
Q

capacity to withstand high temperatures without melting or decomposing and the capacity to remain unreactive and inert when exposed to severe environments

A

Refactory ceramics

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11
Q

Classification of refactory ceramics

A

Fireclay refactory
Silicon refactory
Basic refactory
Special refactory

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12
Q

used principally in furnace construction, to confine hot atmospheres, and to thermally insulate structural members from excessive temperatures

A

Fireclay bricks

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13
Q

Prime ingredient of silica refactory

A

Silica

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14
Q

refractories that are rich in periclase, or magnesia (MgO)

A

Basic refractories

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15
Q

especially resistant to attack by slags containing high concentrations of MgO and CaO and find extensive use in some steel-making open hearth furnaces

A

Basic refractory

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16
Q

high-purity oxide materials, which may be produced with very little porosity

A

Special refactory

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17
Q

used for electrical resistance heating elements, as a crucible material, and in internal furnace components

A

Silicon carbide

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18
Q

used to wear, grind, or cut away other material, which necessarily is softer

A

Abrasive ceramics

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19
Q

Common ceramic abrasive

A

Silicon carbide
Tungsten carbide
Aluminum oxide
Silica sand

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20
Q

those in which an abrasive powder is coated on some type of paper or cloth material

A

Coated ceramics

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21
Q

Common example of coated ceramic

A

Sandpaper

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22
Q

used in loose form over a variety of grain size ranges

A

Loose abrasive

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23
Q

when mixed with water, they form a paste that subsequently sets and hardens

A

Cement

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24
Q

act as a bonding phase that chemically binds particulate aggregates into a single cohesive structure

A

Cement

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25
Q

consumed in the largest tonnages

A

Portland cement

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26
Q

Produced using calcination

A

Portland cement

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27
Q

Principal constituents of Portland cement

A

Tricalcium silicate and dicalcium silicate

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28
Q

hydraulic cement because its hardness develops by chemical reactions with water

A

Portland cement

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29
Q

is the hardest—as a result of its extremely strong interatomic sp3 bonds

A

Diamond

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30
Q

has the lowest sliding coefficient of friction

A

Diamond

31
Q

has the widest spectral transmission range of all materials

A

Diamond

32
Q

Technique to produce synthetic diamond

A

High-pressure high-temperature

33
Q

highly anisotropic

A

Graphite

34
Q

graphite is optically opaque with a ________

A

Black silver color

35
Q

graphene layers assume the ordered structure of graphite—planes are parallel to one another having relatively weak van der Waals interplanar bonds

A

Graphitic carbon fiber

36
Q

more disordered structure results when, during fabrication, graphene sheets become randomly folded, tilted, and crumpled

A

turbostratic carbon

37
Q

Is isotropic

A

Turbostratic or pyrolytic carbon

38
Q

used extensively as a biomaterial because of its biocompatibility with some body tissues

A

Pyrolytic carbon

39
Q

have higher elastic moduli thanturbostratic fibers

A

Graphitic fibers

40
Q

composed of both graphitic and turbostratic forms

A

Carbon fiber

41
Q

used in microelectromechanical systems as well as the nanocarbons

A

Advanced ceramics

42
Q

miniature “smart” systems consisting of a multitude of mechanical devices that are integrated with large numbers of electrical elements on a substrate of silicon

A

Microelectromechanical system

43
Q

used in some cutting-edge technologies

A

Nanocarbons

44
Q

Nanocarbons used for high-tech application

A

Fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene

45
Q

Material compost for C60

A

Buckminsterfullerene

46
Q

C60 units form a crystalline structure and pack together in a facecentered cubic array

A

Fullerite

47
Q

consists of a single sheet of graphite

A

Single - walled carbon nanotubes

48
Q

consisting of concentric cylinders also exist

A

Multiple walled-carbon nanotubes

49
Q

is a single-atomic-layer of graphite, composed of hexagonally sp2 bonded carbon atoms

A

Graphene

50
Q

Characteristic of graphene

A

Prefect order of sheet
Unbonder electron

51
Q

produced by heating the raw materials to an elevated temperature above which melting occurs

A

Glass

52
Q

achieved by complete melting and mixing of the raw ingredients

A

Homogeneity

53
Q

results from small gas bubbles that are produced;

A

Porosity

54
Q

used in the fabrication of relatively thick-walled pieces such as plates and dishes

A

Pressing

55
Q

glass piece is formed by pressure application in a graphite-coated cast iron mold having the desired shape

A

Pressing

56
Q

done by hand, especially for art objects, the process has been completely automated for the production of glass jars, bottles, and light bulbs

A

Glass blowing

57
Q

used to form long glass pieces such as sheet, rod, tubing, and fibers, which have a constant cross section

A

Drawing

58
Q

was produced by casting (or drawing) the glass into a plate shape, grinding both faces to make them flat and parallel, and finally, polishing the faces to make the sheet transparent—a procedure that was relatively expensive

A

Sheet glass

59
Q

formed by drawing the molten glass through many small orifices at the chamber base

A

Fiber

60
Q

result of the difference in cooling rate and thermal contraction between the surface and interior regions

A

Thermal stress

61
Q

Weakening of material which may lead to fraction caused by thermal stress

A

Thermal shock

62
Q

When water is added into the clay to become plastic

A

Hydroplasticity

63
Q

suspension of clay and/or other nonplastic materials in water

A

Slip

64
Q

term that refers to a body that has been formed and dried but not fired

A

Green ceramic body

65
Q

process of water removal

A

Drying

66
Q

gradual formation of a liquid glass that flows into and fills some of the pore volume

A

Vitrification

67
Q

the ceramic analogue to powder metallurgy, is used to fabricate both clay and nonclay compositions, including electronic and magnetic ceramics as well as some refractory brick products

A

Powder pressing

68
Q

the powder is compacted in a metal die by pressure that is applied in a single direction

A

Uniaxial pressing

69
Q

powdered material is contained in a rubber envelope and the pressure is applied by a fluid

A

Isostatic pressing

70
Q

powder pressing and heat treatment are performed simultaneously

A

Hot pressing

71
Q

process by which there is a coalescence of the powder particles into a more dense mass

A

Sintering

72
Q

used for materials that do not form a liquid phase except at very high and impractical temperatures

A

Hot pressing

73
Q

widely used in the production of ceramic substrates that are used for integrated circuits and for multilayered capacitors

A

Tape casting

FUNDAMENTALS OF MATERIAL SCIENCE (5 decks)

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