pollination syndromes Flashcards

1
Q

bee

A

color: blue, purple, yellow
scent: fresh, strong

flowering time: day

corolla: bilateral landing platform
reward: nectar and/or pollen

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2
Q

butterfly

A

color: bright, often red
scent: fresh, weak

flowering time: day

corolla: landing platform; sometimes nectar spurs
reward: nectar only

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3
Q

moth

A

color: white or pale (easier to locate at night)
scent: sweet, strong

flowering time: night/dusk

corolla: dissected; sometimes nectar spurs
reward: nectar only

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4
Q

fly (reward)

A

color: light
scent: faint

flowering time: day

corolla: radial, shallow
reward: nectar and/or pollen

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5
Q

fly (carrion)

A

color: brownish, purplish
scent: rotten, strong

flowering time: day or night

corolla: enclosed or open
reward: none

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6
Q

beetle

A

color: often green or white
scent: various, strong

flowering time: day or night

corolla: enclosed or open
reward: nectar and/or pollen

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7
Q

bird

A

color: bright, often red
scent: none

flowering time: day

corolla: tubular or pendant; ovary often inferior
reward: nectar only

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8
Q

bat

A

color: whitish
scent: musky, strong

flowering time: night

corolla: showy flower or inflorescence
reward: nectar and/or pollen

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9
Q

non-flying mammals

A

color: dull-colored
scent: unscented to variously strong

flowering time: night

corolla: robust; exserted styles and stamina
reward: copious pollen and/or nectar

  • -broad range of characteristics
  • -differences in morphology and foraging behavior
  • -primates: unscented and very large
  • -marsupials: in forest canopy
  • -rodents: close to grounds, yeasty odor
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10
Q

blue flower

A

bee

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11
Q

purple flower

A

bee or fly (carrion)

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12
Q

yellow flower

A

bee

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13
Q

bright flowers

A

bee (yellow)
butterfly
bird (red)

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14
Q

red flowers

A

butterfly

bird

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15
Q

white flowers

A

moth
fly (reward)
beetle
bat

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16
Q

dull flowers

A

nonflying mammals

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17
Q

strong scented flowers

A
bee
moth
fly (carrion)
bat
nonflying mammals
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18
Q

unscented flowers

A

bird

nonflying mammals

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19
Q

freshly scented flowers

A

bee

butterfly

20
Q

weakly scented flowers

A

butterfly

fly (reward)

21
Q

musky scented flowers

A

bat

22
Q

rotten scented flowers

A

fly (carrion)

23
Q

sweetly scented flowers

A

moth

24
Q

fresh + strong

A

bee

25
Q

fresh + weak

A

butterfly

26
Q

sweet + strong

A

moth

27
Q

faint

A

fly (reward)

28
Q

rotten + strong

A

fly (carrion)

29
Q

various, strong

A

beetle

30
Q

unscented

A

bird

31
Q

musky + strong

A

bat

32
Q

unscented to variously strong

A

nonflying mammals

33
Q

flowering during the day

A
bee
butterfly
fly (reward, carrion)
beetle
bird
34
Q

flowering during the night

A
moth
fly (carrion)
beetle
bat
nonflying mammals
35
Q

bilateral landing platform

A

bee

36
Q

landing platform; sometimes nectar spurs

A

butterfly

37
Q

dissected corolla; sometimes nectar spurs

A

moth

38
Q

radial, shallow corolla

A

fly (reward)

39
Q

enclosed or open corolla

A

fly (carrion)

beetle

40
Q

tubular or pendant corolla; ovary often inferior

A

bird

41
Q

showy flower or inflorescence

A

bat

42
Q

robust; exserted styles and stamens

A

nonflying mammals

43
Q

reward: nectar only

A

butterfly
moth
bird

44
Q

nectar or pollen reward

A
bee
fly (reward)
beetle
bat
nonflying mammals (copious amounts)
45
Q

no reward

A

fly (carrion)