Pollination and fertilisation Flashcards
What are the functions of the following parts of the flower:
petals
stamen
stigma
pollen grains
The function of petals is to attract insects such as bees for pollination to achieve reproduction.
The stamen is the male part of the flower. It includes the filament, connective and the anther which hold pollen grains. It is the job of the stamen to hold the male pollens in a position to be able to get onto insects or to be distributed by wind for pollination.
Stigma is part of the female part of the flower. It is usually sticky and can be found on top of the style. Its function is to have the male male pollen sticking. to it and grow down the style, into the ovary, to be received by the female gametes in ovules for reproduction.
Pollen grains hold the male gametes. These are used to fertilize the female gametes to produce seed.his is typically the fruit of the plant in future.
Bees and other pollinators fertilize flowers, enabling sexual reproduction to take place. What do bees and pollinators get in return?
Bees, insects and other pollinators do get food in the form of pollen and nectar from plants. Pollinators also use pollen and nectar as food
- Name THREE plants which are wind-pollinated.
Spelt (Tricticum spelta )
White Willow (Salix alba)
Maize (Zea mays)
What is cross-pollination and why do many plant species try to ensure that it happens?
Cross-pollination means that the male pollen from a flower is going to be distributed to the female part of a different flower that is of the same plant species. Seeds used from two different plants for pollination
It also implies that a flower cannot pollinate itself and that a plant does not allow pollination from a plant that has the exact same genetics (clonal plants).
The reason for plants to ensure that it happens is cross-pollination as it leads to a variation in genes for a plant species. That means a species that has variation in genes is more resistant (e.g to diseases).
The variation is happening by natural selection
