Pollination

Question 1

Plant with male and female flowers borne on the same individuals (ex. corn, squash, cucumber)

Answer 1

Monoecious

Question 2

Plants where male and female flowers are borne on DIFFERENT individuals. (ex. holly, gingko, ash, yew)

Answer 2

Dioecious

Question 3

Formed when sperm unites with the egg.

Answer 3

Zygote

Question 4

Food storage tissue formed by union of secondary sperm and another cell in the ovule.

Answer 4

Endosperm

Question 5

Pollen from the plant pollinates the stigma of the same plant (inbreeding).

Answer 5

Self-pollination

Question 6

Pollen from another plant in the same species pollinates the stigma of the plant (out breeding).

Answer 6

Cross-pollination

Question 7

Transfer of pollen from the stamen to the pistil

Answer 7

Pollination

Question 8

Transfer of sperm from a pollen tube to an ovule

Answer 8

Fertilization

Question 9

The part of the flower that becomes the fruit

Answer 9

Ovary

Question 10

Separation of female and male flower functions IN TIME (pollen is shed before or after stigma is receptive. minimizes self pollination).

Answer 10

Dichogamy

Question 11

Stigma and stems physically separated to limit self-pollination. Stamens usually below the stigmas.

Answer 11

Herkogamy

Question 12

Automatic self-pollination. Propagate using non-opening, self-pollinating flowers. Ex. legumes and grasses. Often appear lower on the plant.

Answer 12

Cleistogamous

Question 13

Why is preventing self-pollination a survival strategy? (name 3)

Answer 13

• Genetic diversity
• Adaptation to new environments
• Possible mutations

Question 14

Name two things that prevent fertilization.

Answer 14

1. Weather.

2. Pollen of one species falls on unrelated species.

Question 15

Pollination that occurs by wind

Answer 15

Anemophily pollination

Question 16

Pollination that occurs by water

Answer 16

Hydrophily pollination

Question 17

Pollination which occurs without a living vector

Answer 17

Abiotic pollination

Question 18

Pollination which occurs with a living vector

Answer 18

Biotic pollination

Question 19

What is the term for plant adaptations used to attract pollinators?

Answer 19

Pollination syndromes

Question 20

“Pollination syndrom” adaptations (name 7)

Answer 20

1. Flower shape
2. Flower hue (color)
3. Flower brightness (pale to dark)
4. Quantity of pollen
5. Quality of nectar
6. Type of fragrance (if any)
7. Other secondary metabolites

Question 21

Which colors attract which pollinators?

Answer 21

Red/orange –Birds & Hummingbirds
Yellow –Bees & Butterflies
Green –Wind (sometimes flies, if stinky)
Blue/purple –Bees
Maroon –Beetles & Flies
UV –Bees & Butterflies
White –Moths

Question 22

Term that describes how some plants trick pollinators to come to their flowers

Answer 22

Mimicry

Question 23

Types of mimicry (name 5)

Answer 23

1. Looking like other flowers that have rewards
2. Looking like mating partners
3. Looking like insect prey
4. Looking/smelling like food sources
5. Using floral traps to insure pollination

Question 24

What are the benefit of using pollinators? (versus wind)

Answer 24

Rapid, direct, and more certain cross-pollination

Question 25

What are some rewards plants provide to pollinators?

Answer 25

• Nectaries
• Pheromones
• Resins
• Oils

Question 26

Name the primary pollinators

Answer 26

Bees, wasps, beetles, butterflies, moths, bats, mosquitos, flies, and birds

Question 27

Flower parts which are used as landing platforms?

Answer 27

Petals, sepals, and calyx