Politics 1629-40 Flashcards
What two courts enforced Charles’ will during the Personal Rule?
Star Chamber and High Commission
What was the Crown debt in 1629?
£2 million
What measures did Charles immediately take to reduce Crown costs?
The treaties of Susa (1629) and Madrid (1630) ended wars with France and Spain.
Name three fines Charles used to raise revenue in this period.
Recusansy fines, distraint of knighthood, forest fines, enclosure fines, fines users of Crown lands
How did Charles increase revenue from tonnage and poundage?
Updated the Book of Rates in 1635 - earnt about £500k a year from it by the late 1630s.
When was ship money first levied?
1634 on coastal counties, 1635 inland.
What caused the collapse in payments of ship money?
The Hampden Case 1638
When was the Scottish National Covenant written?
February 1638
What happened at the November 1638 Glasgow Assembly?
Hamilton entirely lost control and the Covenanters abolish episcopacy.
Why were Scottish troops more successful than Charles’ in the Bishops’ Wars?
Many had been mercenaries in the 30 Years’ War, more religious zeal, Charles paid and armed his armies poorly.
What was the result of the 1st Bishops War?
Truce of Berwick - just stalled for time
What was the result of the 2nd Bishops War?
Treaty of Ripon - Charles to pay Scottish army’s living costs in their occupation of Newcastle. Forced the calling of a new Parliament.
What were the 4 main social groups in Ireland in this period?
Irish Catholics, Catholic old English, Protestant New English, Presbyterian Scots
What was Wentworth’s policy in Ireland?
“Thorough”: imposition of Laudianism, increasing of customs duties
What was the result of Wentworth’s policy in Ireland?
Alienation of all social groups; Irish rebellion of Catholics in 1641 after Wentworth leaves.
