Political System in the USA Flashcards
What are the two parts of the US government?
The National/Federal Government and the State Government.
What is the National/Federal Government?
In 1783, the 10 states of the US devised a new form of government, the Federal state, where power is divided between the National and State governments.
What is the State Government?
The USA comprises a federation of 50 states, each with its own government, known as the state assembly.
What are the powers of the National/Federal Government?
Settles disputes between states
Issues currency
Collects taxes
Responsible for the armed forces
Runs the postal service
Responsible for foreign affairs
What happens if the National Government’s powers are not outlined?
They are reserved for the states, such as licensing and expenditure on the school system.
What is the Constitution?
Written in 1787 following the Declaration of Independence, it outlines what the National/Federal Government can do. Powers not outlined are reserved for the states.
What are the three branches of the US Government?
Legislative Branch (Congress)
Executive Branch (President)
Judicial Branch (Supreme Court)
What is Congress?
The Legislative Branch of government that makes laws. It consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives.
What is the Senate?
2 senators for each state (100 total)
Elected every 6 years (staggered every 2 years)
Role: Check decisions made by Congress.
What is the House of Representatives?
435 members, representing states based on population
Elected every 2 years
Role: Write and vote on laws, represent constituents’ views.
What is the Executive Branch?
Made up of the President of the US
Elected every 4 years
Role: Enforce laws made in the country
Official residence: The White House
What is the Judicial Branch?
Made up of the Supreme Court
9 judges who interpret laws and ensure they follow the Constitution
Judges serve until death, retirement, or resignation
How are Supreme Court judges appointed?
They are appointed by Congress and the President.
Why are the branches of government under separate control?
To ensure no dictatorship. All three branches must work together and sign off on each other’s decisions.
