political science exam #2 review

Question 1

The definition of political parties is purposefully

Answer 1

broad

Question 2

What is true about the modern Republican Party?

Answer 2

It emerged as a major party as a result of the Civil War

Question 3

Which political party wanted to reduce favored primary elections to replace nominating conventions, strict voter registration requirements, and civil service reform.

Answer 3

Progressives

Question 4

A period when a lasting shift occurs in the popular coalition supporting one or both parties is called a

Answer 4

realignment

Question 5

What was the major issue in the 1860 realignment period?

Answer 5

Slavery

Question 6

There are two main types of primary elections:

Answer 6

closed and open primaries

Question 7

The plurality system can be described as

Answer 7

winner-take-all

Question 8

A voter’s stable, long-term attachment to a political party is known as a

Answer 8

partisan identification

Question 9

Political scientists think of parties as consisting of the following parts EXCEPT

Answer 9

an individual leader

Question 10

A consistent set of beliefs about what policies governments ought to pursue is referred to as

Answer 10

political ideology

Question 11

It is suggested that Americans view the concept of “social class” in their country with a sense of

Answer 11

embarrassment

Question 12

Several studies have shown that government policy is often more responsive to the preferences of

Answer 12

The economic elite

Question 13

What group did Madison and other Framers look to “as a defense to the people against their own temporary errors and delusions.”?

Answer 13

The Senators

Question 14

What group did Madison and other Framers look to “as a defense to the people against their own temporary errors and delusions.”?

Answer 14

The Senators

Question 15

Individuals with a disproportionate share of political power are called

Answer 15

political elites

Question 16

True or False: Asians are now the largest minority group in the United States.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

One reason that public policy often differs from public opinion is that

Answer 17

the U.S. Constitution places many checks on the influence of public opinion

Question 18

True or False: Most high school students share the same political party identification as their parents.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

If any given voter has a chance of being selected to participate in a survey, the sample is best described as a

Answer 19

Random sample

Question 20

Serena has grown up hearing her parents talk about their views on immigration and often observed their support for politicians embracing immigration reform. When she is eligible to vote, Serena decides that she supports these candidates, too. Serena’s political views are a result of

Answer 20

Political Socialization

Question 21

Which constitutional amendment extended the right to vote to those 18 years and older?

Answer 21

Twenty-sixth (26) Amendment

Question 22

Today, voter turnout rates in American are ____________ they were for previous generations.

Answer 22

Lower than

Question 23

Joining civic associations, supporting social movements, and writing to legislators, are examples of

Answer 23

political participation

Question 24

Federal elections in the United States are always held in

Answer 24

November

Question 25

What legislation significantly increased political participation among seniors?

Answer 25

Social Security Act

Question 26

What law requires citizens to show a government-issued ID in order to vote?

Answer 26

voter identification law

Question 27

The most common form of political participation is

Answer 27

voting

Question 28

Cassandra likes to get involved in political efforts. She works the phones, hands out flyers for her favorite candidate, and she always votes. Cassandra is an example of a

Answer 28

campaigner

Question 29

William does not enjoy the conflict that goes along with a senatorial campaign. He would much rather find a cause at the local level—forming and joining organizations to deal with local problems. William is an example of a

Answer 29

communalist

Question 30

Participation in politics is driven by all of the following factors EXCEPT:

being asked to participate

diminished civic skills

access to resources

experiences with government programs

Answer 30

diminished civic skills

Question 31

During elections, what type of voters decide based on punishment or reward for the health of the nation?

Answer 31

retrospective voters

Question 32

What type of issue is one in which the rival candidates have opposing views on a question that also divides the voters?

Answer 32

positional issue

Question 33

As a result of the Watergate investigation, a new law was passed affecting

Answer 33

campaign financing

Question 34

In 1911, Congress decided the House be fixed at how many members?

Answer 34

435

Question 35

Today, individuals may give the federal limit of $2700 to as many candidates as he or she likes.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

Most of the money for congressional candidates comes from

Answer 36

Individuals

Question 37

What was the single biggest expenses in every recent presidential campaign?

Answer 37

campaign advertising

Question 38

Which of the following is sometimes referred to as a “dark money” group?

Answer 38

501(c)4 group

Question 39

The following are all primary factors that typically shape presidential elections, EXCEPT

political party affiliation

campaign funds

the state of the economy

the character of the candidates

Answer 39

campaign funds

Question 40

The most significant legal constraints on interest groups comes from

Answer 40

the tax code and campaign finance law

Question 41

Which Amendment protects the activities of lobbyists?

Answer 41

First (1st) Amendment

Question 42

As people leave the federal government to take more lucrative positions, there is concern that this “revolving door” may

Answer 42

giver private interests as improper influence on government decisions

Question 43

Although Congress officially banned earmarks in 2011, members of Congress still work to influence government agencies associated with special funds in a process called

Answer 43

lettermarking or phonemarking

Question 44

True or False: Today, union membership is largely comprised of government workers.

Answer 44

True

Question 45

Interest groups are an important way for people to have their voices heard because of

Answer 45

the large size and diversity of our country

Question 46

True or False: The number and size of interest groups is positively correlated to the size of government.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

A person who tries to influence legislation on behalf of an interest group is known as a

Answer 47

lobbyist

Question 48

In 2016, how much did interest groups spent over on lobbying?

Answer 48

1 Billion

Question 49

Americans are more likely to join _________ than are citizens of other democracies.

Answer 49

labor unions

Question 50

Newspapers are limited in the amount of slanting they can get away with in part because

Answer 50

they have to satisfy many different people, from advertisers to editors, to make money

Question 51

The medium that first allowed public officials to reach the public in a relatively unfiltered manner was

Answer 51

Radio

Question 52

The term yellow journalism was coined to describe media sensationalism in what era?

Answer 52

The turn of the century

Question 53

A policy leaked to the press to see how it plays out with the public is known as

Answer 53

A trail balloon

Question 54

Compared to other democratic nations, The United States restricts the press

Answer 54

much less than

Question 55

America has a long standing tradition of media that are

Answer 55

privately owned

Question 56

Horse-race journalism concerns the critics because they feel such coverage

Answer 56

ignores the importance of issues

Question 57

In places where a local paper has closed, citizens

Answer 57

know less about the issues and are less politically active

Question 58

The ability of the media to influence which issue the public uses to asses its political leaders is

Answer 58

priming

Question 59

True or False:

Some people may have voted for Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election because they read a story on Facebook about Hillary Clinton selling weapons to ISIS.

Answer 59

True