Political Science and Economics Flashcards

Question

Which privileges gives any person in the Philippines to be bodily presented in court for charges of a crime for which he has right of counsel and trial? a. Ex-post facto law b. Writ of habeas corpus c. Fourth amendment d. Writ of habeas data

Answer 1

Answer: B. Writ of habeas corpus Rationalization: Writ of habeas corpus (which literally means to "produce the body") is a court order demanding that a public official (such as a warden) deliver an imprisoned individual to the court and show a valid reason for that person's detention.

Answer 2

Answer: C. Corazon C. Aquino Rationalization: The Family Code of the Philippines (Executive Order no. 209) was signed into law by then President Corazon Aquino on July 6, 1987

Answer 3

Answer: A. 18 Rationalization: EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 209 THE FAMILY CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES Art. 5. Any male or female of the age of eighteen years or upwards not under any of the impediments mentioned in Articles 37 and 38, may contract marriage.

Answer 4

Answer: C. Philippine Qualifications framework Rationalization: The Philippine Qualifications Framework (PQF) is a quality-assured national system for the development, recognition, and award of qualifications based on standards of knowledge, skills, and values acquired in different ways and methods by learners and workers of the country.It is a national policy describing the levels of educational qualifications and setting standards for qualification outcomes.

Answer 5

Answer: C. Permanent Rationalization: EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 209 THE FAMILY CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES Article 1. Marriage is a special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman entered into in accordance with law for the establishment of conjugal and family life.

Answer 6

Answer: C. Captain of ship Rationalization: EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 209 THE FAMILY CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES Art. 31. A marriage in articulo mortis between passengers or crew members may also be solemnized by a ship captain or by an airplane pilot not only while the ship is at sea or the plane is in flight, but also during stopovers at ports of call

Answer 7

Answer: D. Monarchy Rationalization: Promoters Revolution, also called Revolution of 1932, (June 24, 1932), in the history of Thailand, a bloodless coup that overthrew the Thai king, put an end to absolute monarchy in Thailand

Answer 8

Answer: C. Year Rationalization: The NPC meets in session once a year. A session of the NPC may be convened at any time the Standing Committee deems it necessary or when more than one-fifth of the deputies to the NPC propose it.

Answer 9

Answer: C. Electoral college Rationalization: Electoral college is the system by which the president and vice president of the United States are chosen. It was devised by the framers of the United States Constitution to provide a method of election that was feasible, desirable, and consistent with a republican form of government. For the results of U.S. presidential elections, see the table.

Answer 10

Answer: B. Rule of law Rationalization: Rule of law is a principle under which all persons, institutions, and entities are accountable to laws that are: Publicly promulgated, equally enforced, independently adjudicated and consistent with international human rights principles

Answer 11

Answer: C. Commonwealth Rationalization: The 1935 Constitution provided the legal basis of the Commonwealth Government which was considered a transition government before the granting of the Philippine independence with American-inspired constitution.

Answer 12

Answer: A. Ferdinand Marcos Rationalization: Miracle rice contributed to addressing hunger and, for a time, helped the Philippines become a rice-exporting country when then president Ferdinand Marcos introduced the variety to Filipino farmers

Answer 13

Answer: D. Right against double jeopardy Rationalization: Double jeopardy is a procedural defence that prevents an accused person from being tried again on the same (or similar) charges following a valid acquittal or conviction

Answer 14

Answer: C. Sandiganbayan Rationalization: The Philippine Constitution of 1973 (Sec. 5, Article VIII) created a special court, known as Sandiganbayan, with jurisdiction over criminal and civil cases involving graft and corrupt practices and such other offenses committed by public officers and employees, including those in government-owned or controlled corporations.

Answer 15

Answer: A. Human Rights Day Rationalization: Human Rights Day is observed every year on 10 December — the day the United Nations General Assembly adopted, in 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

Answer 16

Answer: A. The President, Vice-President, members of the Supreme Court, members of the Constitutional Commissions, and the Ombudsman. Rationalization: THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES – ARTICLE XI Section 2. The President, the Vice-President, the Members of the Supreme Court, the Members of the Constitutional Commissions, and the Ombudsman may be removed from office on impeachment for, and conviction of, culpable violation of the Constitution, treason, bribery, graft and corruption, other high crimes, or betrayal of public trust. All other public officers and employees may be removed from office as provided by law, but not by impeachment

Answer 17

Answer: B. Pilferage Rationalization: Pilferage is the crime of theft of small amounts or small items.

Answer 18

Answer: C. Saudi Arabia Rationalization: Since 2004, Saudi Arabia has been the number one country in POEA's deployment statistics. It has been the source of most jobs with an average of 287,000 jobs yearly

Answer 19

Answer: D. Bukang Liwayway Center Rationalization: Admits drug cases for residential rehabilitation. Therapy is a combination of primal and family therapy with skills training and job placement.

Answer 20

Answer: C. Gilbert Stuart Rationalization: The Lansdowne portrait is an iconic life-size portrait of George Washington painted by Gilbert Stuart in 1796. It depicts the 64-year-old President of the United States during his final year in office.

Answer 21

Answer: B. Queen Elizabeth II Rationalization: Queen Elizabeth II became the longest-reigning British monarch on 9 September 2015 when she surpassed the reign of her great-great-grandmother Victoria.

Answer 22

The Philippine Constitution, recognizing the natural right and duty of parents in rearing the youth for civic efficiency and developing moral character, mandates that this should be supported by the ________. a. community b. schools c. church d. government

Answer 23

Answer: C. 5 Rationalization: REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6657 AN ACT INSTITUTING A COMPREHENSIVE AGRARIAN REFORM PROGRAM TO PROMOTE SOCIAL JUSTICE AND INDUSTRIALIZATION, PROVIDING THE MECHANISM FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES SECTION 6. Retention Limits. – "...but in no case shall retention by the landowner exceed five (5) hectares

Answer 24

Answer: D. Bicameralism Rationalization: Bicameral Congress of the Philippines is consist of the Senate (upper chamber), and the House of Representatives (lower chamber.

Answer 25

Answer: A. Preamble of Jones Law Rationalization: Preamble of Jones Law It's preamble stated the intent to grant Philippine independence as soon as a stable government was established. The Philippine Senate replaced the Philippine Commission as the upper house of the legislature.

Answer 26

Answer: C. Political rights Rationalization: Political rights - the rights that involve participation in the establishment or administration of a government and are usually held to entitle the adult citizen to exercise of the franchise, the holding of public office, and other political activities

Answer 27

Answer: A. David Ricardo Rationalization: Comparative advantage, economic theory, first developed by 19th-century British economist David Ricardo, that attributed the cause and benefits of international trade to the differences in the relative opportunity costs (costs in terms of other goods given up) of producing the same commodities among countries

Answer 28

Answer: A. Inflation Rationalization: Inflation is a quantitative measure of the rate at which the average price level of a basket of selected goods and services in an economy increases over some period of time. It is the rise in the general level of prices where a unit of currency effectively buys less than it did in prior periods

Answer 29

Answer: B. Withholding taxes monthly Rationalization: A withholding tax is an amount that an employer withholds from employees' wages and pays directly to the government. The amount withheld is a credit against the income taxes the employee must pay during the year.

Answer 30

Answer: C. ₱500,000 Rationalization: PDIC provides a maximum deposit insurance coverage of PhP500,000 per depositor per bank. To pay claims on insured deposits, PDIC builds up the Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF) primarily through assessments of banks at an annual flat rate of 1/5 of 1% of their total deposit liabilities

Answer 31

Answer: B. Books, literary works and musical compositions Rationalization: Royalties on books as well as other literary works, and royalties on musical compositions shall be subject to a final tax of 10%

Answer 32

Answer: B. a selected few Rationalization: Oligarchy, government by the few, especially despotic power exercised by a small and privileged group for corrupt or selfish purposes. Oligarchies in which members of the ruling group are wealthy or exercise their power through their wealth are known as plutocracies

Answer 33

Answer: C. Monopoly Rationalization: Monopoly is an economic market structure where a specific person or enterprise is the only supplier of a particular good

Answer 34

Answer: D. Taxation Rationalization: Taxation is the imposition of compulsory levies on individuals or entities by governments. Taxes are levied in almost every country of the world, primarily to raise revenue for government expenditures, although they serve other purposes as well.

Answer 35

Answer: B. Final goods and services Rationalization: Gross Domestic Product represents the total monetary value of all final goods and services produced (and sold on the market) within a country during a period of time (typically 1 year).

Answer 36

Answer: C. Scarcity Rationalization: Since consumers' resources such as time, attention, and money are limited, they must choose how to best allocate them by making tradeoffs. The concept of trade-offs due to scarcity is formalized by the concept of opportunity cost. The opportunity cost of a choice is the value of the best alternative forgone.

Answer 37

Answer: D. Consumers Rationalization: In a market economy, the wants of the consumers and the profit motive of the producers will decide what will be produced

Answer 38

Answer: C. Ceteris paribus Rationalization: Ceteris paribus, literally "holding other things constant," is a Latin phrase that is commonly translated into English as "all else being equal." A dominant assumption in mainstream economic thinking, it acts as a shorthand indication of the effect of one economic variable on another, provided all other variables remain the same

Answer 39

Answer: B. Quantity demanded will decrease. Rationalization: As the price of a good increases, then the buying power of individuals decreases and the quantity demanded decreases. For example, at 20 cents per apple, we are able to purchase 5 apples for $1 but if the price falls to 10 cents, we would be able to buy 10 apples for $1

Answer 40

Answer: C. Consumption spending Rationalization: Consumption expenditure by households is the largest component of GDP, accounting for about two-thirds of the GDP in any year. This tells us that consumers' spending decisions are a major driver of the economy.

Answer 41

Answer: A. employed workers and unemployed workers. Rationalization: The labor force is the sum of the employed plus the unemployed. People are considered employed if they work at least one hour for pay or at their own business at any time during the week including the twelfth day of the month.

Answer 42

Answer: B. The percentage of the labor force that is unemployed. Rationalization: The unemployment rate is defined as the percentage of unemployed workers in the total labor force. Workers are considered unemployed if they currently do not work, despite the fact that they are able and willing to do so. The total labor force consists of all employed and unemployed people within an economy

Answer 43

Answer: A. not in the labor force Rationalization: A full-time student is not considered a part of the labor force if he/she is not working as he/she is willingly out of the workforce and is occupied in studies

Answer 44

Answer: B. Frictional unemployment. Rationalization: The unemployment that occurs in the meantime, as workers move between jobs, is called frictional unemployment

Answer 45

Answer: B. Structural unemployment. Rationalization: The structurally unemployed are individuals who have no jobs because they lack skills valued by the labor market, either because demand has shifted away from the skills they do have, or because they never learned any skills

Answer 46

Answer: A. a soy latte sold by Starbucks to a student. Rationalization: A final good is an item produced for the direct use by end consumers. Final goods are also referred to as consumer goods.

Answer 47

Answer: A. foreign direct investment Rationalization: Foreign direct investment is an investment by a firm from another country in a business that it controls in another country. Example is an American technology company builds and operates a data center in Canada

Answer 48

Answer: A. less of when their incomes decrease. Rationalization: A normal good is a good that experiences an increase in its demand due to a rise in consumers' income. In other words, if there's an increase in wages, demand for normal goods increases while conversely, wage declines or layoffs lead to a reduction in demand.

Answer 49

Answer: A. Ancient Egypt Rationalization: The first known system of taxation was in Ancient Egypt around 3000–2800 BC in the First Dynasty of Egypt of the Old Kingdom of Egypt. The earliest and most widespread form of taxation was the corvée and tithe

Answer 50

Answer: C. automobiles and motorcycles Rationalization: Substitute goods are two alternative goods that could be used for the same purpose.

Answer 51

Answer: A. Gasoline and automobiles Rationalization: Complementary good is a good whose use is related to the use of an associated or paired good. Example, an automobile needs gasoline for it to function

Answer 52

Answer: B. $1,000 Rationalization: Between the four factors of production, Land, Labor, Capital, and Entrepreneurship, money is not included. Money is considered a lubricant; it is the resource that allows resources to flow between factors

Answer 53

Answer: B. In the market Rationalization: A market is an institution that brings together buyers and sellers of goods or services, who may be either individuals or businesses.

Answer 54

Answer: C. Robert Malthus Rationalization: The Malthusian Theory of Population is the theory of exponential population growth and arithmetic food supply growth. The theory was proposed by Thomas Robert Malthus. He believed that a balance between population growth and food supply can be established through preventive and positive checks

Answer 55

Answer: A. coins Rationalization: Numismatics means the study or act of collecting of coins, paper money, and medals.

Answer 56

Answer: A. Costa Rica, EI Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua Rationalization: Central American Common Market (CACM) is the association of five Central American nations that was formed to facilitate regional economic development through free trade and economic integration. Established by the General Treaty on Central American Economic Integration signed by Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, and Nicaragua in December 1960, its membership expanded to include Costa Rica in July 1962. The CACM is headquartered in Guatemala City.

Answer 57

Answer: A. Hot money Rationalization: Hot money is capital that investors regularly move between economies and financial markets to profit from highest short-term interest rates.

Answer 58

Answer: C. New Society Rationalization: In any of President Ferdinand Marcos’s key speeches, he was most inspiring when he would talk about his vision of the New Society, or Bagong Lipunan, in which every individual Filipino could be free to fulfill their potential as human beings.

Answer 59

Answer: C. 15 Rationalization: REPUBLIC ACT 9520 or "Philippine Cooperative Code of 2008". "ART. 10. Organizing a Primary Cooperative. Fifteen (15) or more natural persons who are Filipino citizens, of legal age, having a common bond of interest and are actually residing or working in the intended area of operation, may organize a primary cooperative under this Code

Answer 60

Answer: D. Comparative advantage Rationalization: Comparative advantage is an economic term that refers to an economy's ability to produce goods and services at a lower opportunity cost than that of trade partners. A comparative advantage gives a company the ability to sell goods and services at a lower price than its competitors and realize stronger sales margins

Answer 61

Answer: D. Just Compensation Rationalization: Just compensation refers to the compensation individuals receive when their property gets seized by the government for public use

Answer 62

Answer: A. 1081 Rationalization: Proclamation No. 1081 was the document which contained formal proclamation of martial law in the Philippines by President Ferdinand Marcos and was formally lifted on January 17, 1981.

Answer 63

Answer: C. Expanded Senior Citizen's Act Rationalization: REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9994 Section 1. Title. – This Act Shall be known as the “Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010.”

Answer 64

Answer: C. typhoon signal no. 2 is raised Rationalization: Signal No. 1: pre-school level, in the affected area, Signal No. 2: pre-school, elementary and secondary levels, in the affected area Signal No. 3: pre-school, elementary, secondary, and tertiary levels, in the affected area

Answer 65

Answer: C. Chines silk Rationalization: Chinese silk was by far the most important cargo, other exotic goods, such as perfumes, porcelain, cotton fabric (from India), and precious stones, were also transshipped via the galleon

Answer 66

Answer: C. Boom Rationalization: A boom is a period of rapid economic expansion resulting in higher GDP, lower unemployment, a higher inflation rate and rising asset prices. Booms usually suggest the economy is overheating creating a positive output gap and inflationary pressures.

Answer 67

Answer: B. Recession Rationalization: Recessions are periods of economic and business contraction. During a recession, unemployment rises, production slows down, sales start to drop because of a decline in demand, and incomes become stagnant or decline.

Answer 68

Answer: B. Diminishing marginal utility Rationalization: Law Of Diminishing Marginal Utility states that all else equal as consumption increases the marginal utility derived from each additional unit declines. Marginal utility is derived as the change in utility as an additional unit is consumed. Utility is an economic term used to represent satisfaction or happiness

Answer 69

Answer: C. Great Depression Rationalization: The Great Depression was the worst economic downturn in US history. It began in 1929 and did not abate until the end of the 1930s. The stock market crash of October 1929 signaled the beginning of the Great Depression. By 1933, unemployment was at 25 percent and more than 5,000 banks had gone out of business

Answer 70

Answer: B. Scarcity Rationalization: Scarcity refers to the basic economic problem, the gap between limited – that is, scarce – resources and theoretically limitless wants. This situation requires people to make decisions about how to allocate resources efficiently, in order to satisfy basic needs and as many additional wants as possible.

Answer 71

Answer: C. Least Rationalization: According to a Transparency International survey, an overwhelming majority of people in Singapore do not witness cases of corruption by public officials or institutions in their lifetime. As of 2020, Singapore is ranked as the fourth least corrupt country in the world and the most transparent in Asia

Answer 72

Answer: A. Prime Minister Rationalization: The government of Malaysia is a federal parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch (somewhat similar to the one in Great Britain) and a prime minister. The king only acts on the advice of both parliament and the cabinet, and in practice the prime minister is the most powerful political authority.

Answer 73

Answer: C. R.A. 8980 Rationalization: REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8980 AN ACT PROMULGATING A COMPREHENSIVE POLICY AND A NATIONAL SYSTEM FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE AND DEVELOPMENT (ECCD), PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

Answer 74

Answer: B. federal-monarchy Rationalization: The government of Malaysia is a federal parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch (somewhat similar to the one in Great Britain) and a prime minister

Answer 75

Answer: A. Dual Citizenship Rationalization: Republic Act No. 9225 otherwise known as the Citizenship Retention and Reacquisition Act of 2003 declares that natural-born citizens of the Philippines who become citizens of another country shall be deemed not to have lost their Philippine citizenship.

Answer 76

Answer: A. Legislative Rationalization: The Legislative branch is authorized to make laws, alter, and repeal them through the power vested in the Philippine Congress. This institution is divided into the Senate and the House of Representatives.

Answer 77

Answer: A. Hammurabi Rationalization: The Code of Hammurabi was one of the earliest and most complete written legal codes and was proclaimed by the Babylonian king Hammurabi, who reigned from 1792 to 1750 B.C. Hammurabi expanded the city-state of Babylon along the Euphrates River to unite all of southern Mesopotamia

Answer 78

Answer: A. Who wields the power? Rationalization: In order to meet the needs of its people, every society must answer three basic economic questions: What should we produce? How should we produce it? For whom should we produce it?

Answer 79

Answer: C. Budget constraint Rationalization: A budget constraint occurs when a consumer is limited in consumption patterns by a certain income. Temporary budget constraints can be overcome by borrowing, but in the long term budget constraints are determined by income such as rent and wages.

Answer 80

Answer: c. 70 Rationalization: The 1935 Constitution SEC. 9. The members of the Supreme Court and all judges of inferior courts shall hold office during good behavior, until they reach the age of seventy years, or become incapacitated to discharge the duties of their office.

Answer 81

Answer: A. Vice President becomes President Rationalization: LINE OF SUCCESSION The constitution provides for a line of succession in the event that the elected President of the Philippines is not able to discharge the duties of his office due to death, disability, or resignation. The following is the line of succession: 1. Vice President 2. Senate President 3. Speaker of the House of Representatives

Answer 82

Answer: C. Monarchy Rationalization: Monarchy, political system based upon the undivided sovereignty or rule of a single person. The term applies to states in which supreme authority is vested in the monarch, an individual ruler who functions as the head of state and who achieves his or her position through heredity

Answer 83

Answer: D. State of the Nation Address Rationalization: The State of the Nation Address (SONA) is a constitutional obligation and yearly tradition, wherein the chief executive reports on the status of the country, unveils the government's agenda for the coming year, and proposes to Congress certain legislative measures.

Answer 84

Answer: D. 30 Rationalization: A bill may be vetoed by the President, but the House of Representatives may overturn a presidential veto by garnering a 2/3rds vote. If the President does not act on a proposed law submitted by Congress, it will lapse into law after 30 days of receipt.

Answer 85

Answer: D. Security Council Rationalization: Security Council adopts resolutions to: maintain peace and security, facilitate the political process, protect civilians, assist in the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of former combatants, support the organization of elections, protect and promote human rights, and assist in restoring the rule of law

Answer 86

Answer: B. Tariff Rationalization: A tariff is a tax imposed by one country on the goods and services imported from another country.

Answer 87

Answer: C. Single proprietorship, partnership, corporations Rationalization: There are 4 main types of business organization: sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, and Limited Liability Company, or LLC. Below, we give an explanation of each of these and how they are used in the scope of business law

Answer 88

Answer: D. Toll Rationalization: Toll is a tax or charge for a privilege, esp. for permission to pass over a bridge, along a highway, etc.

Answer 89

Answer: B. Flag Law Rationalization: Act No. 1696, s. 1907 or The Flag Law , August 23, 1907 No 1696.—An Act to prohibit the display of flags, banners, emblems, or devices used in the Philippine Islands for the purpose of rebellion or insurrection against the authority of the United States and the display of Katipunan flags, banners, emblems, or devices, and for other purposes.