Political Philosophy Exam 2

Question 1

Whose works were followed during the European Dark Ages?

Answer 1

Socrates

Question 2

Whose works were banned during the European Dark Ages?

Answer 2

Aristotle

Question 3

What religion experienced significant growth during the European Dark Ages?

Answer 3

Islam

Question 4

What did Islamic philosophers think about the physical world?

Answer 4

God created the physical world so it must be woth studying

Question 5

Whose works were preserved and followed by early Islamic philosophers?

Answer 5

Aristotle

Question 6

St. Thomas Aquinas was a ________ ?

Answer 6

Naturalist

Question 7

What did Aquinas and Aristotle have in common?

Answer 7

They were both Naturalists

Question 8

What was Aquinas’s idea that was similiar to Aristotle’s theoretical wisdom?

Answer 8

Speculative Reason

Question 9

What is speculative reason?

Answer 9

General truths and theories

Question 10

What was Aquinas’s idea that was similiar to Aristotle’s practical wisdom?

Answer 10

Practical Reason

Question 11

What is Practical Reason?

Answer 11

The ability to apply general priciples to specific situations.

Question 12

This law governed motion of the universe

Answer 12

Eternal Law

Question 13

Most important law for humans, innate knowledge of right and wrong that god placed in us

Answer 13

Natural Law

Question 14

what law cannot contradict natural law?

Answer 14

Human Law

Question 15

law stated in bible or scriptures

Answer 15

Divine Law

Question 16

Law designed to help humans when they are confused about natural law

Answer 16

Divine Law

Question 17

Unlike Hobbes, Aquinas believes that?

Answer 17

humans should be happy all the time

Question 18

What is the purpose of government according to Aquinas?

Answer 18

to provide the common good

Question 19

Aquinas believes the best type of government should be based on?

Answer 19

Natural Law

Question 20

Aquinas believes the best type of government is?

Answer 20

A Monarchy

Question 21

List the types of government in order from best to worst that Aquinas thinks shold be in power.

Answer 21

1. Monarchy
2. Aristocracy
3. Reresentative Democracy
4. Direct Democracy
5. Oligarchy
6. Tyranny

Question 22

British Philosopher (1588-1679)

Answer 22

Thomas Hobbes

Question 23

What was on the rise in Europe during Hobbes time?

Answer 23

Nation States

Question 24

What was Hobbes’s view on human nature?

Answer 24

Humans act on our self interest only

Question 25

Hobbes's view on the state of nature?

Answer 25

life is poor, nasty, brutish, and short; war of all agaist all

Question 26

Hobbes's thought that humans in the state of nature would eventually get together and form a social contract because

Answer 26

people would realize that the state of nature was not in anybody's self interest

Question 27

What does the sovereign do?

Answer 27

Makes, enforces and judges the law.

Question 28

British Philosopher (1632-1704)

Answer 28

John Locke

Question 29

What was the divine right of kings?

Answer 29

The idea that kings and queens developed laws through god

Question 30

What philosopher wanted to get rid of the divine rights of kings?

Answer 30

Locke

Question 31

Locke believes that God gave everyone______?

Answer 31

Natural Rights

Question 32

______ believed that when humans labored upon nature________?

Answer 32

Hobbes, that became private property.

Question 33

Locke believed that Private property was a ______ _______ from god?

Answer 33

Natural Right

Question 34

What did Locke think the pupose of government was?

Answer 34

A social contract with people to protect private property

Question 35

What did Locke think the best type of government was?

Answer 35

Representative democracy

Question 36

Hobbes and Aquinas share this idea_______

Answer 36

Natural rights

Question 37

French Philosopher (1712-1778)

Answer 37

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Question 38

Who wrote the book " The Social Contract"

Answer 38

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Question 39

Man is born free but everywhere he is in chains

Answer 39

quote from Rousseau, social contract

Question 40

This philosopher is against Aristotle's idea of slavery by nature

Answer 40

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Question 41

What did Rousseau think about the state of nature

Answer 41

Can be a good place, Native Americans were able to enjoy it.

Question 42

Rousseau believed that the only reason for the social contract was

Answer 42

Overpopulation

Question 43

Rousseau disagreed with _______ about the idea of ________

Answer 43

Hobbes, Self Interest

Question 44

What Philosopher believes that humans can rise of self interest.

Answer 44

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Question 45

What type of governmnet does Rousseau believe is best with small population?

Answer 45

Direct Democracy

Question 46

What type of governmnet does Rousseau believe is best with large population?

Answer 46

Representative Democracy