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Spring 2013 > CJUS Theory Test 1 > Flashcards

CJUS Theory Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

lists the numbers of variouscrimes that have become known to the nations police

A

Uniform Crime Reports

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2
Q

Rivals or surpasses that in other industrialized western nations

A

Lawlessness in the US

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3
Q

Bad family life, unemployment, lenient courts

A

Social factors that influence crime

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4
Q

Actions or behaviors that violate social norms, including formally enacted rules/laws as well as informal violations of social norms

A

Deviance

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5
Q

one of the most underreported crimes

A

Rape

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6
Q

This is not evenly distrubuted

A

Crime in the U.S.

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7
Q

example of difficulty in predicting crime trends accurately

A

Crimewarps

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8
Q

tended to locae the cause of crime not in demographic shifts, but rather whithin individuals, in their souls, their wills or their body constitutions

A

Early Theroies of Crime

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9
Q

stressed the conflict between absolute good and absolute evil

A

Spiritualism

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10
Q

a victory by one of the two accussed would go to the innocent

A

trial by battle

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11
Q

subject the accused to life threatening or painfulsituations

A

trial by ordeal

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12
Q

reputable person swear an oath that the accused was inncocent

A

compurgation

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13
Q

the cjus system creates criminals by

A

The labeling theory

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14
Q

asks why do some people not commit crime

A

control theory

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15
Q

example of the difficulty in predicting crimes trends accurately

A

Crimewarps wrote by Bennet

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16
Q

influences the explanations of crime

A

social context

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17
Q

tended to locate the cause of crime not indemographic shifts butrather within indivduals

A

Early theroies of crime

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18
Q

stressed the conflict between absolute good and absolute evil

A

spiritualism

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19
Q

focuses on the individual criminalad their abilityto have free will

A

classical school

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20
Q

searches for empirical facts to confirm the idea that crime was determinned by multiple factors

A

positivist school

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21
Q

first naturalistic explanation of crime

A

the physical body

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22
Q

brain is organ of the mind

A

hippocrates dictum

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23
Q

◦the most important feature of the classical school of thought is its emphasis on the individual criminal as a person who is capable of calculating what he or she wants to do

A

classical school

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24
Q

◦individuals were guided by a pain and pleasure principle calculating risks and rewards

A

classical school

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25
Q

◦the punishment should be suited to the offense

A

classical school

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26
Q

punishment sould be a deterrent

A

Bentham

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27
Q

student ofclassical school

A

Bentham

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28
Q

behavior is a result of free will and hedonistic calculas

A

Bentham-Classical School

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29
Q

studied prison reform

A

Howard

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30
Q

advocated prison reform

A

Howard

31
Q

father of criminology

A

Lombroso

32
Q
  1. Born criminals:People with atavistic characteristics
A

•Lombroso’s criminal classifications

33
Q

Insane Criminals: idots, imbeciles, paranoiacs, epilectics, and alcoholics

A

•Lombroso’s criminal classifications

34
Q

3: Occasional criminals/Criminaloids: Explained by oppurtunity

A

•Lombroso’s criminal classifications

35
Q

Criminals of passion

A

•Lombroso’s criminal classifications

36
Q

survival of the fittest…social darwinism

A

Carofalo

37
Q

last major criminal contributor to the positivist school

A

Carofalo

38
Q

the sentiment of revulsion against the voluntary inflictionof suffering onothers

A

Pity

39
Q

Therespect for the properties of others

A

probity

40
Q

study of 3000 English convicts

A

Goring

41
Q

there was not much difference in physical attributes between convicts and non covicts

A

Gorings finding in study of 3000 convicts

42
Q

idea that delinquency is heridity

A

Seldon

43
Q

study of male youth

A

Seldon

44
Q

tested for IQ for prison inmates

A

Goddard

45
Q

sterilization

A

Eugenics

46
Q

inheritance is the explanation of crime

A

Eugenics

47
Q

“wrote “on crimes and punishment”

A

Beccaria

48
Q

went from individual tosocietal influences

A

Chicago School

49
Q

argued that one aspect of American Society, the city, contained potent criminogenic forces

A

Chicago School

50
Q

people who were poor were pushed into crimebecause they were poor

A

Progressive Movement

51
Q

The goal was to save the poor by providing social services that would lesson the pains

A

Progressive movement

52
Q

zone theory…cities grew inside out

A

Burgess

53
Q

Zone of transition

A

most criminal area of city

54
Q

Differential AssociationTheory

A

Sutherlands

55
Q

social organizationr regulates criminal behavior

A

differential association theory

56
Q

criminal behavior is learned through social experiences

A

differential association theory

57
Q

societycomes together…socialcohesion…people stick together

A

social efficacy

58
Q

who came up withcultural deviance theory: code of the street

A

Elijah Anderson

59
Q

who came up with social learning theory

A

Ronald akers

60
Q

improve the area to reduce crime

A

Chicago area Project

61
Q

who came up with strain theory

A

Merton

62
Q

crime is caused by the stress of trying to achieve the american dream

A

strain theory

63
Q

homogenity, universilism, culture

A

Dominant Reality

64
Q

lawlessness…lack of law

A

Anomie

65
Q

Delinquent Boys: The culture of the gang

A

Cohen

66
Q

delinquent subcultures can only exist when there are alot of kids that want to participate

A

Cloward and Ohlin

67
Q

mobilization for youth

A

MFY

68
Q

strain theory became most popular in

A

1960s

69
Q

said that the presenceof negative factors will cause stress and strain…causing crime

A

Agnew

70
Q

institutional anomie

A

Messner and Rosenfeld

71
Q

lawlessness within institutions

A

institutional Anomie

72
Q

took the Strain theory based on the USdream and focused on the market economy

A

Currie

73
Q

crime level is directly tied to economy

A

Currie’s idea on strain theory

74
Q

provide economic oppurtunitiesto less fortunate

A

strain theory strategy to reduce crime

Spring 2013 (9 decks)

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