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AP GOV UNIT 1 > Political Organizations > Flashcards

Political Organizations Flashcards

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1
Q

The State

A

political organizations that combine a permanent population and gov. institutions to exercise control over a territory with international recognition

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2
Q

The State Will…

A

… will and must protect itself from external/internal challengers

… exert force to maintain power

… depend on sovereignty to make decisions

… be a survivor

… feed through institutions

… foster institutions

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3
Q

Crisis

A

must be from a complex system, perhaps intangible

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4
Q

Strong States

A

state with exercise capacity to carry out adopted policies (few limitations on enforcement)

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5
Q

Weak States

A

state with little capacity and efficiency to carry out adopted policies

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6
Q

Failed States

A

states that just do not work, collapsed, can not provide the basics, never got off the ground

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7
Q

Raison d’etre and Downfall

A

the state must reconcile between individual liberty and the common good
- freedom vs equality

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8
Q

Regime

A
  • system and rules/laws of a specific territory
  • EMBODIMENT OF A LONG TERM GOAL
  • controlled access to political power
  • “where should power reside??”
  • malleable
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9
Q

Democratic Regime

A
  • expectation of the populace to be involved
  • individual liberties valued
  • balance individual freedom and collective equality
  • consensus, decentralized
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10
Q

Authoritarian Regime

A
  • limits political governance
  • collective good over individual freedom
  • long term goals vary so no guarantees
  • coercion, centralized
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11
Q

Nation

A

a socio-cultural entity
- a group of people with similar races, languages, religion, political identity
- does not necessarily consider formal political unions

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12
Q

Nation + State = Nation-State

A
  • merger of the political and cultural in a physical space
  • large, unified group with cultural, historical ties to a region
  • can refer to the system and people
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13
Q

Legitimacy

A

trusted institution that confers authority and power that is recognized AND accepted as right/proper

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14
Q

Traditional Legitimacy

A
  • societal custom and habit
  • unwritten
  • appeal to accepted norms
  • “It has been this way so…”
  • EX: UK
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15
Q

Rational-Legal Legitimacy

A
  • system with institutional procedure
  • a document (written constitution) to point to
  • rule of law, precedent
  • “Here is how we do this and why”
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16
Q

Charismatic Legitimacy

A
  • USUALLY persuasive, authoritarian, a weak/failing state
  • Cult of Personality
  • ” I alone can fix this, believe me.”
17
Q

Centralized

A

a form of government where authority and responsibility rests within a small group at the highest gov. level

18
Q

Decentralized

A

a form of government where decision-making is shared throughout the system rather than in one location/group

19
Q

Presidential

A
  • executive is separate from the legislative branch
  • elected by popular vote
  • executive cannot propose/write legislation but can suggest it
  • can veto legislation
  • fixed term (usually)
  • difficult to remove from office
20
Q

Parliamentary

A
  • executive is part of and entertwined with the legislative branch (fusion of powers)
  • elected by popular vote THEN PM is picked by fellow legislators
  • PM writes laws
  • No fixed terms or veto power
21
Q

How can a PM lose office?`

A
  • a vote of no confidence
  • resignation
  • political party loses the majority in an election
22
Q

Cleavages

A

a division or split (usually along ethnic, religious, social, racia, economic terms)`

23
Q

Reinforcing Cleavages

A
  • is there is more than 1 cleavage that overlaps with another
  • tension heightener
  • consensus unlikely
24
Q

Cross-Cutting Cleavages

A
  • divisions that cut across differences
  • divided groups are united by a common interest
  • overlap with other groups that usually do not interact/identify with each other
25
Q

Illiberal Democracy

A

“free or fair” NOPE

escribes a governing system that hides its “nondemocratic practices behind formally democratic institutions and procedures”

AP GOV UNIT 1 (5 decks)

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