Political Organisations

Question 1

What problems were there in the ancient Panchayati Raj system.

Answer 1

1)There was a lack of regular elections
2)People had no interest in these institutions
3)These institutions were under the complete control of government officials

Question 2

What is a Political Organisation.

Answer 2

1)A “Political Organisation” is any entity that is involved in the political process.
2) This includes political parties, political institutions, political groups, etc. They are engaged in political activities, aimed at achieving clearly outlined political goals, which improve the political system and benefit the members interest..
3) All organisations function differently.

Question 3

What is the panchayat raj?

Answer 3

1) Mahatma Gandhi endorsed this concept, wherein every village is responsible for its own affairs.
2) The vision was to attain a decentralised and participatory local self-government.
3) The mission was to empower, enable, and hold the PRIs accountable, to ensure inclusive development with social justice and efficient delivery of services.
4) The ministry of Panchayati Raj was created as a separate ministry on 27th may 2004.

Question 4

Name the three tier system that was introduced ?

Answer 4

1) ZILLA PARISHAD - DISTRICT LEVEL
2) PANCHAYATI SAMITI - BLOCK LEVEL
3) GRAM PANCHAYAT - VILLAGE LEVEL

Question 5

What was Gandhi idea of village Swaraj?

Answer 5

Gandhis idea of village Swaraj is that it is a complete republic, independent of its neighbours for its own vital wants, and yet interdependent for many others in which dependence is necessity.

Question 6

What are the source of income of Panchayati raj in India?

Answer 6

The source of income are as follows:-
1) gold loans
2) grant-in-aid by the state and national government
3) taxes
4) land revenue system

Question 7

Who ensures proper organisation?

Answer 7

1) THE GENERAL STANDING COMMITTEE
2) THE FINANCE AUDIT PLANNING COMMITTEE
3) SOCIAL JUSTICE COMMITTEE

Question 8

Give the structure of zilla parishad?

Answer 8

1) Apex body of the panchayat raj system
2) 10 to 25 directed elected members from all the constituencies coming under the zilla parishad
3) MPs, MLAs, MLCs, of the areas
4) Female and Co-opted sc/st members
5)Representatives of cooperative societies and municipalities
6) Some persons having experience in the field of administration/ rural development
7) 40-60 people
8)In/directly elected “Zilla Pramukh”
9) 1:40,000
10) 1:50,000 present ratio

Question 9

What are the functions of zilla parishad?

Answer 9

The functions of zilla parishad are as follows:-
1) Modern Family methods
2) Making of Pukka roads
3) Using of tractors
4) constructions of dams and bridges
5) Facilitates primary education
6) Primary health centre
7) Empowerment of women
8) vaccination and health care
9) rural electrification

Question 10

What is the Panchayati Samiti?

Answer 10

1) It is the middle tier of the Panchayati system, at the block level
2) 6 Sessions are held annuallly
3) Pradhan’s stand for only one year

Question 11

What is the panchayat samiti?

Answer 11

1) It is the middle tier of the Panchayati raj system, at the block level.
2) the sessions are held annually.
3) the Pradhan’s stand for only one year.

Question 12

Give the structure of the Panchayati samiti?

Answer 12

1) The sarpanchs of all gram panchayats
2) A member of the Lok Sabha
3) The MLA of the area
4) Two women and one sc/st representative each
5)’praddhans’ elected by the members themselves/ assistant commissioner
6) 1:15,000

Question 13

Functions of Panchayati samiti

Answer 13

1) using of fertilisers, pesticides, etc. in the farm
2) animal husbandry
3) health and sanitation
4) primary schools
5) communication and network
6) small scale industries
7) handicrafts

Question 14

What is the gram panchayat?

Answer 14

1) It is the base tier of the panchayats system, located at the uni/multiple village level.
2) the sessions are held once in two months
3) terms are held for 5 years

Question 15

Give the structure of gram panchayat

Answer 15

1) The Panchayat
2) The Sarpanch
3) Two women and one sc/st representative
4) According to the population of the concerned village, their number may vary from 5 to 31
5) All members are directly elected
6) 1:400
7 Gram panchayat is also called as LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT BODY

Question 16

What are the functions of gram panchayat ?

Answer 16

1)Taking care of health and sanitation of the village
2) Providing pure water for drinking
3) Providing drainage and street light, road construction
4) Housing
5) Establishing Khasi and village industries
6) providing elementary education

Question 17

What are the main sources of income for gram panchayat

Answer 17

1) Annual grants from the state government
2) Taxes on buildings and vehicles
3) other taxes
4) rent from properties
5) fees, etc.

Question 18

Who ensures proper organisation in the gram panchayat

Answer 18

1)THE PRODUCTION COMMITTEE
2)THE AMENITIES COMMITTEE
3)THE SOCIAL JUSTICE COMMITTEE

Question 19

What is the 73rd AMENDMENT?

Answer 19

1) The defects noticed in the working of panchayati raj during 1954-1992
2) ILLITERACY AND IGNORANCE
i) The wide spread illiteracy among the rural people remained a major hindrance
ii) It prevented the people from becoming active and willing partners in this system
INEXPERIENCED REPRESENTATIVES
i) The inability of the elected members made the working of the panchayati raj institutions inefficient
GROUPISM AND FACTIONALISM
i) Socioeconomic backwardness of India has adversely affected its system
ii) The people in the groups only aimed at capturing seats
LACK OF POLITICAL AWARENESS
i) Poverty, illiteracy and ignorance are responsible for a low level of political awareness
ii) This prevented the self-government and self-development

Question 20

What are the benefits mostly to one class?

Answer 20

The rich land lords and upper classes are always at the dominant position neglecting the problems of the people.

Question 21

What are the salient features of the 73rd AMENDMENT

Answer 21

INTRODUCTION- The purpose of the 73rd amendment act 1992 was to revamp the panchayati raj to ensure the regular, active and efficient working
THE SALIENT FEATURES ARE AS FOLLOWS:-
1) Strengthening of gram Sabha as the foundation
2) To maintain and stream line the functions of panchayati raj
3) Direct election of members of panchayats and their herds
4) Reservation of seats for sc/st and women
5) 1/3rd of the offices are reserved for women
6) the panchayati raj institutions were to enjoy a fixed tenure of 5 years.
CONCLUSION-
As a part of 73rd amendment, the 11th schedule was added to the constitution of India and it has 29 subjects within the panchayats

Question 22

What is bal panchayat

Answer 22

1) Bal panchayat is the representative organ of the bal Sabha
2) It’s members are the elected/selected members of the bal Sabha and is accountable to it
3) The age of the members is between 5to 18 years
4) It is an initiative supported by UNICEF to involve children in decision making at village level panchayat level
5) Generally, the total number of the members of the bal panchayat is 10 percent of the total children of the village
6) If the village is big and has more number of children, then more than one bal panchayat could be formed

Question 23

What are the role of bal panchayat

Answer 23

1) Sensitive villagers to the rights of children
2) Raise awareness among children about their rights
3) Eradicate gender discrimination practices
4) Sensitise civil society about violence against girl child
5) Awareness generation about environment conservation and protection
6) Ensure quality education, improved health facilities and nutritional food for children, specially the girl child
7) Have active participation in development work
8) Make efforts to ensure availability of basic amenities for villagers, such as water, electricity, etc.

Question 24

What is women empowerment?

Answer 24

1) Empowering women means giving them equal status in social, cultural, religious, economic and political spheres of life
2) Making and treating them equal and powerful as their male counterparts
3) For the last 175 years, many laws have been enacted to make this possible
4) The goal of the empowerment is to create an environment in which equality can be enjoyed by all women

Question 25

Why should women be empowered

Answer 25

When women are empowered, an emancipated and enlightened society is created. There are social and cultural restrictions which prevent women from being empowered and utilise the opportunities available to them. Women must be empowered first within the family and if done so, the empowerment will spread to the society. Thus, the nation becomes a women friendly one.