Politeness Strategy

Question 1

Politeness Strategy

Answer 1

Awareness of public and/or personal image of another individual(including face needs)
Used to mitigate face-threatening acts
- Rules that govern behavior must take into account consideration of others, tact and courtesy

Question 2

Face

Answer 2

Public self image
In communication, we try to protect our face needs, while not damaging another persons.

Question 3

Positive face

Answer 3

Desire to be liked, respected, valued and included by relevant or significant others.

Question 4

Negative face

Answer 4

Desire to not be imposed upon, and control your own time, property, space and resources.

Question 5

Strategies of positive politeness

Answer 5

• politeness discourse markers(please, thank you)
  -Most phatic exchanges(hello, how are you)
• Compliments(great idea!)
• Honorifics(terms of address to signal respect) (IF = more informal)
• Nicknames/terms of endearment(IF)
• Accommodating dialect
• Statements of friendship, solidarity(friend, comrade)

Question 6

Strategies of negative politeness

Answer 6

We attend to negative face needs by mitigating imposition, making the other person BELIEVE they have control/freedom.
- Use of interrogatives to avoid imposition
- Hedging/avoiding trying to be direct
- Being pessimistic(I don’t suppose…)
- Indicating deference/respect(excuse me, sir, would you mind…)
- Apologies(I’m terribly sorry but could…)
- Depersonalizing the situation(The management requires…)

Question 7

Face Threatening Acts

Answer 7

Some decisions we make can threaten our face, or others face needs

Question 8

Positive politeness strategies(more)

Answer 8

Phatic expressions(usually adjaceny pairs: how are you, hello, good morning)
Honorifics(your honor, sir, ma’am, Mr, Mrs, honoring occupation)