Polio

Question 1

Age most likely to contract virus

Answer 1

<5

Question 2

Symptoms of non-paralytic polio

Answer 2

Sore throat, vomiting, fever, pain and stiffness in neck and limbs

Question 3

Percentage of asymptomatic cases

Answer 3

95-99%~1% of cases develop into paralytic polio

Question 4

Symptoms of paralytic polio

Answer 4

Fever at outset
Rapid progression of paralysis in next 24-48 hrs
Asymmetrical distribution in limbs
Proximal muscles affected more than distal ones
Loss of muscle control but preservation of sensation (only infects motor neurons)
Axonal sprouting may result in some regained function after initial infection

Question 5

Types of paralytic polio

Answer 5

Spinal
Bulbar
Bulbospinal

Question 6

Spinal polio

Answer 6

Most common
Affects muscles of legs, trunk, and neck

Question 7

Bulbar polio

Answer 7

Involves nerves of the brain stem
Affects breathing, talking, swallowing

Question 8

Bulbospinal polio

Answer 8

Combination of bulbar and spinal polio

Question 9

Post-polio syndrome

Answer 9

Affects ~64% of paralytic polio patients
Occurs, on average, 35 years after infection
New sprouts which form in polio recovery degenerate over time causing new weakness and loss of function

Question 10

symptoms of post-polio syndrome

Answer 10

Slowly progressing joint pain and weakness, muscle atrophy, fatigue and exhaustion
Difficulty with concentration and memory
Impaired swallowing/breathing/sleeping
Depression and mood swings

Question 11

Orthotics in polio patients

Answer 11

LLDs (shoe raise)
AFOs and KAFOs
Insoles and footwear to accommodate foot deformities