CP Flashcards
percentage of spastic CP
70-80% most common accompanies other types in 30% of cases
Percentage of dyskinetic CP
6%
Percentage of Ataxic CP
6%
Area damaged resulting in spastic CP
Motor cortex
Area damaged resulting in ataxic CP
Cerebellum
Area damaged resulting in Dyskinetic CP
Basal ganglia
Spastic CP symptoms
High tone and spasticity Muscles stiff and tight
Contractures often present
Ataxic CP symptoms
Shaky movement
Balance, proprioception and depth perception affected
Wide unsteady base
Disintegration of movement (can’t touch an object on the first try)
Dyskinetic CP types
Dystonia Athetosis
Dystonia symptoms
Slow, twisting repetitive involuntary movements
Abnormal postures triggered by attempts to move
Athetosis symptoms
Body either extremely stiff or relaxed
Slow continuous movements (present at rest, worsened by attempts to move)
Fluctuating muscle tone Involuntary movements interfere with speech and swallowing
GMFCS 1
*Walk independently in all settings
*Climb stairs (no railing)
*run, jump
*Speed, balance, coordination limited
GMFCS 2
- Walk independently in most settings
- Climb stairs (with railing)
- Difficulty walking long distances
- Difficulty balancing on uneven terrain, inclines, crowded areas or confined spaces
- May use mobility aid for long distances
- Limited ability to run, jump
GMFCS 3
*Walk with handheld mobility aid in most indoor settings
*May climb stairs (with railing and assistance/supervision)
*Use wheelchair for long distance (may self-propel short distances)
GMFCS 4
*Mobilise with physical or powered assistance in most settings
*May walk with physical or powered assistance short distances
GMFCS 5
- Transported in wheelchair in all settings
- Limited ability to maintain head position against gravity
Tone
The body’s resistance to passive stretch
Spasticity
Velocity dependant increase in tone
Modified Ashworth Scale
Used to test tone and spasticity through ROM
0 No increase in muscle tone
1 Slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by a catch and release or by minimal resistance at the end of the range of motion when the affected part(s) is moved in flexion or extension
1+ Slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by a catch, followed by minimal resistance throughout the remainder (less than half) of the ROM
2 More marked increase in muscle tone through most of the ROM, but affected part(s) easily moved
3 Considerable increase in muscle tone, passive movement difficult
4 Affected part(s) rigid in flexion or extension
Modified Tardieu Scale
0 No resistance throughout passive movement
1 Slight resistance throughout passive movement with no clear catch at precise angle
2 Catch at precise angle followed by release
3 Fatigable clonus (<10s with pressure maintained) occurring at precise angle
4 Infatigable clonus (>10s with pressure maintained) occurring at precise angle
> 5° difference between ROM achieved at low and high velocity (+catch) suggests spasticity is present
Clonus
involuntary muscle contractions and relaxations in response to muscle stretch
> 5 beats signifies upper motor lesion
