Clinical tests

Question 1

Thomas test

Answer 1

hip flexor length
Typical: 15(12-18)° adult

Question 2

Passive hip abduction

Answer 2

Hip adductor length
Typical: 33(20-45)° adult

Question 3

Popliteal angle

Answer 3

Hamstring length
Flex both hips so ASIS directly above PSIS, extend knee
Typical: 43(30-60)° from vertical adult

Question 4

Duncan Ely

Answer 4

Quadricep length
Typical: 135°

Question 5

Silverskold test

Answer 5

Difference between dorsiflexion with knee flexed and extended to show tightness of soleus vs gastroc

Question 6

Oxford scale

Answer 6

Test of concentric muscle strength

0: no contraction
1: flicker of contraction
2: active movement, with gravity eliminated
3: active movement against gravity
4: active movement against gravity and resistance
5: normal power

Question 7

Craig’s test

Answer 7

Test for femoral anteversion/retroversion
Birth: 40° anteversion (internal rotation)
Adult: 8-15° anteversion

Question 8

Tibial torsion (bimalleolar axis)

Answer 8

Paediatric: 18° external
Adult: 25° external

Question 9

Leg Length Discrepancy

Answer 9

True: measure ASIS to lateral malleolus
Apparent: measure Umbilicus to medial malleolus

Question 12

Barlow

Answer 12

Dislocates hip in babies with DDH
Hip is flexed and adducted, then posteriorly directed force applied
+ Hear / feel clunk