Policy, practise and regulation

Question 1

What is the FAO?

Answer 1

• Food and Agriculture Organisation of UN

Question 2

How many member nations does the FAO have? where is it?

Answer 2

• 194 member nations, 2 associated, and EU
• set up in 1945
• Rome

Question 3

What is FAOs main effort?

Answer 3

• food security for all
• regular access to high-quality food
• to lead active and healthy lives

Question 4

What are FAOs main goals?

Answer 4

1. eradication of hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition
2. elimination of poverty, and the driving of social progress and economic progress for all
3. sustainable management and utilisation of natural resources for the benefit of current and future generations

Question 5

What is FAOs contribution?

Answer 5

• info - collects, analyses and disseminates
• advice - independent to agricultural organisations
• forum
• assistance - to developing countries - technical

Question 6

What is WHO?

Answer 6

• World Health Organisation
• 194 member states
• 7 April 1948
• international public health

Question 7

WHO objective?

Answer 7

• is the attainment by all people of the highest possible level of health

Question 8

WHOs role in public health?

Answer 8

• setting research agenda
• monitoring world public health
• articulating policy options
• leadership
• setting norms and standards

Question 9

What is the Codex Alimentarius?

Answer 9

• international body
• set up in 1961
• subsidary body of FAO/ WHO
• policies, regulations for food, food production and food safety
• protect the health of the consumers and ensure fair international trade
• not law

Question 10

What are the EU institutions?

Answer 10

• Council of EU
  
  • represents gov of M-S
  • presidency - rotated
  • MoH
  • MoA
• Commision
  
  • represents EU as a whole
  • commissioners appointed by M-S
  • Ag Sanco
  • Ag Agri
• Parliament
  
  • EU citizens
  • ENVI committee

Question 11

What is the Ordinary Legislative Procedure?

Answer 11

• 2009 Lisbon Treaty
• Commission
  
  • community interests
• Parliament
  
  • EU citizens
• Council
  
  • national interests
• first - commission sends in proposal - 2 readings
• if parliament and coucil cant reach decision - Consiliation committee
• joint text decided
• sent back to parliament and council for 3rd reading
• parliament can still reject it - votes

Question 12

EU legislative acts: Regulation, directive, decision?

Answer 12

• reg - Binding leg act - manditory across the EU
• directive - All M-S must achieve, but their choice how to do it, must transpose to national leg
• decision- binding to whom it is addressed

Question 13

How did the EU Food safety evolve?

Answer 13

• 1996/7 - BSE (mad cow) - restructure of EU Food Safety Bodies
• 2000 - White paper on Food Safety - more integrated approace - food to fork
• 2002 - Reg 178/2002 - FBOs, EFSA. streamlined approach
• 2004 - Hygiene Pack

Question 14

What is Reg 2073/2005?

Answer 14

• microbiological requirements

Question 15

What is Reg 1881/2006?

Answer 15

• max contaminant levels in food

Question 16

What is Reg 931/2011?

Answer 16

• traceability of food

Question 17

What is Reg 1169/2011?

Answer 17

• food info to consumers

Question 18

What are EU food laws general and specific rules?

Answer 18

• general
  
  • info to consumers
  • GMO
  • contaminants
  • hygiene
  • additives
• specific
  
  • nutrition claims
  • milk
  • choc
  • honey
  • juice
  • eggs

Question 19

3 steps to reach the WHite paper on food safety?

Answer 19

• EFSA
• integrated approach - food to fork
• FBOs responsibility for food safety
  
  • national authorites must set up control systems to inspect ability of FBOs
  • audits by EU of the National Authorities

Question 20

What is Reg 178/2002? Importance?

Answer 20

• fundamental text on food safety law
• common basis for all MS
• framework
• includes Hygiene package
  
  • streamlines food safety policy
  • EFSA
  • responsibilities of FBOs
  • principles of the policy

Question 21

Under Reg 178/2002 - what are the requirements of FBOs?

Answer 21

• safety - no unsafe food sold
• responsibility
• traceability
• transparency - immediaetly inform authorities
• emergency - withdraw
• prevention - control points

Question 22

Traceability- what is the 1 up 1 down concept?

Answer 22

• that producers must be able to follow their product from raw materials to finished product

Question 23

Name and describe the most important EU food legislation

Answer 23

• Reg 852/2002 - hygiene of foodstuffs - based on HACCP req- need to show evidence
• Reg 853/2002 - hygiene of food of animal origin - ID, approved sites etc
• Reg 854/2002 - control methods put in place for food of animal origin - audits and inspection by OV
• Reg 2073/2005 - limits on microbiological contents - take sample, studies - verification purposes
• Reg 2074/2005 - contamination limits - salmonella, listeria, fish products, testing methods, biotixin testing etc

Question 24

What is the National Legislation?

Answer 24

• General Food Law ref 178/2002
• Food Safety Act - UK
• General Food red - Wales and Scotland
• Food safety and hygiene reg 2013

Question 25

What is DEFRA and why was it formed?

Answer 25

• department of environmental, food and rural affairs
• formed in June 2001
• after MAFF failed to deal with FMD
• 9,000 members

Question 26

Which policy areas are DEFRA responsible for?

Answer 26

• animal health, welfare
• fisheries
• food

Question 27

What is APHA and what is it responsible for?

Answer 27

• Animal and plant health agency
• Oct 2014 - Surrey
• resposibile for research, controlling exotic and endemic diseases, surveillance, protection of endangered species, international ref lab, disposing of by products, research

Question 28

What is FSA?

Answer 28

• food standards agency
• public health in relation to food - england, wales, NI
• meat inspections - england, wales, scotland
• audits on local authorities
• training
• funding for inspections
• Food alerts issued