Policy

Question 1

What is the Butler Education Act 1944?

Answer 1

Introduced the Tripartite system.

Question 2

What is the tripartite system?

Answer 2

Children sat the 11+ exam and allocated to 1 of 3 types of schools:
Grammar
Secondary Modern
Technical

Question 3

What is a grammar school?

Answer 3

Offered academic curriculum and access to non manual jobs and university.
Mainly M/C

Question 4

Secondary Modern Schools

Answer 4

Children who failed the 11+ education.
Offered non-academic practical curriculum.
Mainly w/c

Question 5

Technical schools

Answer 5

only exist in a few areas - not many attend

Question 6

How did the tripartite system and 11+ exams produce inequality?

Answer 6

Channelled 2 social classes which offered unequal opportunities.

Girls required to get higher marks than boys to pass.

11+ test was culturally biased in favour of M/C - elaborate code

Question 7

What does SHOP stand for?

Answer 7

School league tables
His majesties inspectorite - OFSTED
Open days
Parentocracy

Question 8

How has marketisation created an education market?

Answer 8

Reducing direct state control
Increasing competition between schools
Increasing parental choice

Question 9

Who favours marketisation?

Answer 9

Neo liberals
New right

Question 10

What do Neo-libs and new right believe about marketisation?

Answer 10

schools will have to attract customers by competing, so will increase the performance

Question 11

How did Miriam David describe marketisation of education?

Answer 11

Parentocracy - rule by parents

Question 12

How does Ball criticise marketisation?

Answer 12

Increased inequalities through use of league tables and formula funding.

Question 13

What is cream skinning?

Answer 13

Good schools can be more selective with their customer recruit - high-achieving, mainly middle class students.

Question 14

What is silt shifting?

Answer 14

Good schools can avoid taking less able, mainly w.c students who will affect league table positioning.

Question 15

What is the funding formula?

Answer 15

Schools allocated funds based on how many students they attract.
Popular schools = get more funding = better experience.

Question 16

What did Gerwitz find parents had more of?

Answer 16

Parental choice.

Question 17

What were the 3 types of choosers?

Answer 17

Priviledged skilled
Disconnected local
Semi-skilled

Question 18

What does Ball say about the myth of meritocracy?

Answer 18

Marketisation gives the appearance of parentocracy.
M/C parents are able to take advantage
Makes inequality appear fair and inevitable.

Question 19

Name 3 New Labour policies:

Answer 19

Education Action Zones - ensured disadvantaged areas had resources.

Aim higher programme - raise aspirations of grounds underrepresented

Education Maintainance Allowance - payments to students from low income backgrounds to encourage them to stay on.

Question 20

What is pupil premium?

Answer 20

extra money schools received per student from a disadvantaged background.

Question 21

How is PP criticised?

Answer 21

The money given isnt always sent on those its supposed to help.

Question 22

What is the 1988 Education Act?

Answer 22

introduced GCSEs and league tables and laid the foundations for our contemporary competitive education system (National curriculum).

Question 23

What is the MCE?

Answer 23

Multicultural Education -
promote the achievement of E.M by valuing all cultures in the school curriculum, raising self-esteem.