Policing Modern Society

Question 1

What is procedural justice?

Answer 1

• legitimacy linked to public judgement processes through which the police make decisions and exercise authority
• it is underscored by the law and fairness of the legal process

Question 2

What is discretion?

Answer 2

• involves police using their independent judgement when dealing with a crime
• disparity involves engaging in discrimination

Question 3

What is the patrol function?

Answer 3

• patrol is the backbone of policing
• Purposes of patrol:
  1. deter crime
  2. maintain public order and sense of security
  3. provide 24 hour services

Question 4

What is proactive and reactive policing?

Answer 4

• incident-driven policing (reactive policing); occurs when police react to citizens calls for help
• PROACTIVE policing; occurs when the police crack down on crimes

Question 5

Police using deadly force

Answer 5

• force that is used with the intent to cause bodily injury or death
• police can use as much force as necessary to protect himself

Question 6

Racial profiling

Answer 6

-when the members of a certain racial or ethnic group become subject to greater levels of criminal justice surveillance than others

Question 7

What is happening with stats/trends?

Answer 7

they are being white washed / refusing to provide information about the race of people of whom they come into contact with

Question 8

What is the myth of criminal behaviour trumping racial profiling

Answer 8

-relationship between stopping someone for any criminal activity and racial profiling is getting stronger

Question 9

To serve and protect who?

Answer 9

• protection of the elites and capitalist
• protection of private property
• targeting disturbances from lower classes / minority groups

Question 10

Problem oriented policing

Answer 10

• energies at causes of crime and complaints

- focus is not crime behaviour but a risk of potential criminal activity

Question 11

what are 5 key principles in problem-oriented policing?

Answer 11

1. problem is something related to the community, not just police officers
2. a problem is a group or pattern of incidents and therefore demands a different set of responses than does a single incident
3. problem must be understood in the terms of the competing interests at stake
4. responding to a problem involved more than a quick fix
5. problem solving requires a heightened level of creativity and initiative of the police officer

Question 12

what is a problem with PROBLEM ORIENTED POLICING?

Answer 12

-police dont always consider including the community when examining the causes of crime

Question 13

Community policing

Answer 13

an attempt to close the gap between police and the communtiy

Question 14

What are 3 aims of community policing?

Answer 14

1. formation of community partnerships
2. organizational change
3. problem solving

Question 15

Broken Windows Model

Answer 15

• minor offences generate fear of crime thus:
  1. neighbourhood disorder causes fear
  2. organizational change
  3. police need citizens cooperation
• its about the community’s perception of its sociability
• one unrepaired broken window is that no one cares and so breaking more windows costs nothing

Question 16

criticisms of community policing?

Answer 16

• rhetoric over reality
• concept and role ambiguity (its not clearly defined)
• not clearly defines sense of community