Polar Covalent Bonds

Question 1

In between Bonds

Answer 1

In between bonds occur when atoms have significantly different electronegativity, but not great enough for the less electronegative atom to transfer its valence electrons to the other.

Question 2

The difference…

Answer 2

Is great enough for the bonding electron pair to spend more time near the more electronegative atom than the less electronegative atom.

Question 3

Intramolecular Forces

Answer 3

The forces between the atoms found inside a single molecule. (Ex. metallic, ionic, covalent bonds)

Question 4

What can intramolecular forces determine?

Answer 4

They can determine the boiling points of substances (therefore the state). The stronger the intramolecular forces, the higher the boiling point.

Question 5

Name the 4 types of intramolecular forces.

Answer 5

London dispersion forces
Dipole-dipole forces
Ion-dipole forces
Hydrogen bonding

Question 6

London Dispersion forces

Answer 6

The simultaneous attraction between a temporary dipole in a molecule and the temporary dipoles in the surrounding molecules.

Question 7

Dipole-dipole forces

Answer 7

This occurs in polar molecules due to simultaneous attraction between dipoles of the molecules

Question 8

Dipole

Answer 8

A dipole represents the positive and negative regions in a molecule.

Question 9

Ion-dipole forces

Answer 9

The force between a ion and a dipole molecule. Cations would be attracted to the negative side of a polar molecule and anions would be attracted to the positive side.

Question 10

Hydrogen bonding

Answer 10

Hydrogen can form special types of intramolecular interactions when bonded to a highly electronegative atom in the second row only (N, O, F). The hydrogen is left with virtually no electron density and it becomes very positive.