Chemical Coumpounds and Bonding Flashcards
Chemical Bonds
Forces hat attract atoms to each other in compounds.
Bonding
This involves the interaction between the valence electrons of atoms.
Ionic Bond
When two atoms exchange electrons, one atom loses it’s valence electron(s) and the other atom gains the electron(s). This usually occurs between a metal and a non-metal.
What do metals and non-metals tend to do?
Metals tend to lose electrons and non-metals tend to gain electrons.
Covalent bond
When atoms share electrons. This usually occurs between a non-metal and a non-metal. It can also occur between a metal with fairly high ionization energy and a non-metal.
Electronegativity
A measure of an atom’s ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond. Electronegativity (En) is a physical property, and the trend is opposite of atomic size.
As you go down each group in the periodic table, electronegativity…
Tends to decrease
As you go across a period in the periodic table, electronegativity…
Tends to increase
State the range of En for Nonpolar covalent bonds.
0.0 to 0.39
State the range of En for polar covalent bonds.
0.4 to 1.69
State the range of En for ionic bonds.
1.7 to 3.3
Describe what this means: Isoelectronic
When tow atoms or ions have the same electron configuration, they are isoelectronic.
What happens when the electronegativity differences are small?
The two atoms each share one electron with each other. Each atom contributes at least electron to a covalent bond.
What happens when two atoms of the same element share their electrons equally?
It is then a Pure Covalent Bond
When metals are bonding to themselves…
Or to other metals and do not have high electronegativity differences. Therefore, cannot be ionic.
