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Hematology > Poikilocytosis > Flashcards

Poikilocytosis Flashcards

1
Q

-Nuclear maturation defect
-Macrocyte with no central pallor

Seen in: Megaloblastic Anemia

A

Macroovalocytes

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2
Q

-Spectrin deficiency
-Small, round, dense cells with no central pallor
-Increased OFT due to low surface: volume ratio

Seen in: Hemolytic Anemias

A

Spherocytes

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3
Q

-Bipolar aggregation of hemoglobin (Rod or cigar shaped, narrower than ovalocytes)

A

Elliptocyte

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4
Q

Bipolar aggregation of hemoglobin (Egg-shaped, wider than elliptocyte)

A

Ovalocyte

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5
Q

Thinner variant of ovalocyte

A

Oat-cell

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6
Q

-Depletion of ATP
-Exposure to hypertonic solution
-Artifact in stained blood smears “Glass effect”
-10 to 30 evenly distributed, uniform-size blunt spicules or bumps on their surface

Seen in: Uremia, Pyruvate Kinase def., Acute blood loss, Cancer stomach

A

Echinocyte or Burr Cell

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7
Q

-Caused by changes in ratios of plasma lipids (Lecithins & Sphingomyelins)
-Small densely stained red cells w/ irregularly spaced, pointed spicules or thorn like projections

Seen in: Neuroacanthocyte, Severe liver dx

A

Acanthocyte or Spurr Cells

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8
Q

-Increased permeability of the membrane to sodium
-Mouth or slit like area of central pallor on fixed and stained film

Seen in: Rh Null dx

A

Stomatocyte

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9
Q

-Increased membrane surface due to increased cholesterol & phospholipid loading
-RBC w/ hemoglobin concentrated in the center and around the periphery resembling a target

Seen in: Thalassemia, Hemoglobinopathies SS,CC,DD,EE

A

Codocyte (Target Cell, Mexican Cell)

Thinner variant: Leptocyte

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10
Q

-“Clothesline effect”
-Hallmark of hemolytic anemia secondary to red cell fragmentation
-Helmet, triangular, comma, and a variety of small, irregular shapes w/ a few pointed extremities

Seen in: Extensive Burns, March hemoglobinuria

A

Schistocyte (Shizocytes)

aka Keratocyte, Bite cell, Helmet Cell

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11
Q

-Squeezing and fragmentation during splenic passage
-RBC with a single pointed extension resembling a teardrop or pear

Seen in: Myelofibrosis w/ Myeloid metaplasia, Hypersplenism

A

Dacrocyte

aka Teardrop cell, Tennis Racquet Cell

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12
Q

-Results from thermal damage to the membrane
-Fragments when blood is heated to 45 deg c
-Normal red cells fragment around 49 deg c
-Small, round cells that may be smaller than platelets

Seen in: Severe burns

A

Microspherocyte or Pyropoikilocytes

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13
Q

-Membrane remaining after the contents have been released
-Large, pale-pink staining ghost of the red cell

Seen in: Malaria

A

Semilunar Body

aka Half-moon cell/ Crescent cell

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14
Q

-Irreversible change due to polymerization of Hb S into rods at decreased oxygen tension or decreased pH
-Thin, dense, elongated cells w/ pointed ends and are well filled w/ Hb

Seen in: Sickle cell disease/ Anemia

A

Sickle Cell

aka Drepanocyte

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15
Q

-Hexagonal crystal of dense hemoglobin formed w/in the RBC membrane
-Tetragonal, rectangular rod shaped (bar of gold clam shell)

Seen in: Hb CC Disease

A

Hb CC Crystals

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16
Q

-Fingerlike or quartz-like crystal of dense hemoglobin protruding from the RBC membrane (“Washington monument” Shape)

Seen in: Hb SC Dx

A

Hb SC Crystals

17
Q

-DNA Nuclear Fragments
(+) Feulgen Reaction

Found in: Hyposplenism, Postsplenectomy, Megaloblastic anemia, Hemolytic

A

Howell-Jolly bodies

18
Q

Precipitated RNA

Found in: Lead Poisoning, Thalassemia, Hemoglobinopathies

A

Basophilic Stippling/ Punctate Basophilia

19
Q

Iron

Found in: Sideroblastic Anemia

A

Pappenheimer Bodies

Siderocyte - Erythrocyte w/ few small blue dots per cell
Sideroblast - Normoblast w/ dots around the nucleus

20
Q

RNA

Found in: Hemolytic anemia, After treatment for Iron, Vit B12 or folate

A

Diffuse basophilia

21
Q

Remnant of mitotic spindle, microtubules

Found in: Megaloblastic anemia, Myelodysplastic syndromes, Lead poisoning

A

Cabot rings

22
Q

Precipitated or Denatured Hemoglobin

Found in: G6PD deficiency, Unstable hemoglobins, Oxidant drugs/chemicals, Favism, Splenectomized patients

A

Heinz bodies

23
Q

Precipitate of B-globin chains of hemoglobin

Found in: Hb H dx (Alpha thalassemia)

A

Hb H

24
Q

Stain used for Pappenheimer bodies

A

Prussian Blue stain

25
Q

Stains for: Basophilic stippling, Pappenheimer bodies, Howell-Jolly bodies, Cabot ring, Polychromatophilic RBCs

A

Wright Stain

26
Q

Stain for: Hb H, Heinz bodies, Retics

A

Supravital stain

27
Q

Stain for: Howell-Jolly bodies

A

Feulgen stain

Hematology (3 decks)

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